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You have to look at the applicant pool, and if anything's being done to skew the applicant pool.
Then again, I accepted this as reasonable back in the mid '90s when I was the grad rep on an academic committee. The administration was up in arms because a department had no women in it, and during their last search for a faculty member had only interviewed one woman--and failed to hire her. The dept. responded with a blizzard of numbers: The number of PhDs granted that year to women vs. men, the number of PhDs granted 15 years previous to women vs. men, the number of applications they'd received and the female/male breakdown of them, what they had done to specifically solicit women's applications (while doing nothing to solicit men's applications), the overall male/female breakdown in the field both in academia and among research institutions and in private industry. With 10 faculty members, they said they expected to have something like .3 or .4 of a woman in the depart--in other words, 0 women is precisely what rounding would get you, and that's before taking into account (a) competition from other, private schools and (b) the deficiency of similarly qualified women for the position they were filling.
The university was unswayed. The assumption was that if your applicant pool is female-poor that you're doing something wrong. It didn't matter that they had hired 50% of the women that applied, and she had been hired elsewhere before they could make an offer.
Generally, I've found that in hiring people only argue that you have to consider the applicant pool when there's a claim that whites or men aren't being hired. Otherwise, you're expected to ignore the applicant pool and feel guilty. It's for the birds--the argument is valid in both situations, assuming that you're not doing something, as I said, to skew the pool.
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