For years, we've been forecasting that chronic deflation of 1% to 2% per year would start with the next major global recession. Well, it's here!
In October, the U.S. producer price index fell 2.8% from September, and the consumer price index dropped 1%, the biggest decline since before World War II. Sure, the big driver was the decline in energy costs, but even excluding food and energy, consumer prices dropped 0.1%. As retailers panic in the face of retrenching consumers, prices of many items have nosedived.
Dell is offering 20% to 30% discounts on new notebooks. Nearly empty Hawaiian hotels give free drinks and all sorts of discounts. Retailers like Crate & Barrel have gained pricing power over vendors and are getting 10% to 25% lower prices to pass on to customers. Kohl's is discounting Christmas merchandise up to 75% to attract shoppers. Toys are being discounted 50% to 60%, and sellers are emphasizing low-priced merchandise to attract frugal buyers. Just look at Wal-Mart.
Grocers are also gaining pricing power over suppliers of branded goods, as consumer zeal for house brands gives retailers more leverage with producers of national labels. Upscale retailers are unloading excess inventory on discounters who then offer designer apparel for 45% to 70% off list prices. And luxury goods makers themselves are slashing prices on apparel, shoes and handbags sold in the U.S. Of course, the strong dollar makes that easy for eurozone-based firms. Don't forget that recent auctions were disappointing and saw prices of contemporary, modern and impressionist art drop 30%.
The Fed worries that in deflation, offsetting monetary policy is difficult since its target rate has to stop declining when it reaches zero. Of course, the Fed has other tools, like quantitative easing (juicing the money supply). Nevertheless, all these measures amount to leading the horse to water, but he may not drink.
http://www.forbes.com/financialadvisernetwork/2008/12/09/deflation-lending-saving-fan-ii-in_ags_1209soapbox_inl.html