We purchased different brands which together make up most of the global market for fruit-based soft drinks. We measured 102 samples collected from around the world and investigated the presence of 100 compounds (see Table 1). Samples were collected from Spain (41), The United Kingdom (19), The United States (11), France (8), Italy (5), Russia (4) Germany (3), Austria (2), The Czech Republic (2), Morocco (2), Hungary (1), Poland (1), Portugal (1), Slovakia (1), and Switzerland (1). (see Tables S1 and S2 in the Supporting Information).
From the 102 samples analyzed, only 17 (16.7%) were found to be free of the studied pesticides. The rest of the samples were positive. Out of these, 14.6% contained at least 1 pesticide, 4% contained 2 pesticides, 65% contained at least 3 pesticides, and 58% of the studied samples contained 4 or more pesticide residues. The concentration found for the studied and detected compounds in each individual sample is included in the Supporting Information. For instance, there were cases of seven different classes of pesticides found in the same sample at relevant concentrations. It should be stated that the presence of more than one chemical can enhance the toxic effect of the others. The combined effect of a cocktail comprised of various pesticides can be more harmful than the sum of the individual effects from each of them alone.(4)
Interestingly, most of the samples collected from the United States (11 samples purchased in Orlando, FL) did not contain pesticides. In this country, as claimed on the label, the product is artificially flavored, and therefore no fruit extract is used. This explains the absence of pesticides. In Morocco and Russia, no significant concentrations were detected either, although the products contained a certain percentage of juice. In these cases, either the way the product is manufactured is different or it is possible that the raw material does not contain any pesticide. A more in-depth study, including a detailed analysis of other less used classes of pesticides (i.e., organochlorine and organophosphorus) or pesticides banned in the EU, should be performed to confirm these results. The rest of the samples collected in the EU contained relatively large concentrations of carbendazim, imazalil, imazalil metabolite, prochloraz, prochloraz metabolite, and thiabendazole.
http://pubs.acs.org/stoken/presspac/presspac/full/10.1021/ac8012708?cookieSet=1