http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/dday_beachhead_01.shtmlIn the early hours of 6 June RAF bombers dropped aluminium foil off the Pas de Calais to simulate the radar profile of a great invasion fleet. Meanwhile more than 7,000 vessels, the largest naval task force ever assembled, moved to the Normandy coast.
Shortly after midnight the British 6th and American 101st and 82nd Airborne divisions began landing. On the eastern flank, British glider-borne troops seized the vital 'Pegasus' Bridge across the Orne River, while others attacked and temporarily disabled a German battery at Merville, the guns of which covered Sword Beach. Subsequent drops allowed 6th Airborne Division to form a defensive crust protecting the eastern flank of the beachhead.
The American airborne landings went less well. Cloud cover and heavy flak over the Cotentin Peninsula broke up the formations, causing the Americans to be dropped over an area of 1,000 square miles. But this in itself caused the Germans immense confusion. The divisional reserve for the Omaha beach defences, for example, went racing south at 03.00 to attack paratroopers they couldn't locate. By the time they returned to the beach, the Americans were well ashore.
Shortly after 05.00 naval gunfire opened up on German defences along 50 miles of Normandy coast. Chief amongst these was Pointe du Hoc, the guns of which could hit both Utah and Omaha beaches. The task of silencing the battery, already bombed and shelled, was carried out by a Ranger battalion, who scaled the 100-foot vertical cliffs, and discovered the guns camouflaged in fields about a mile inland. It was up to the bravery of men carrying the thermite explosive charges to ensure that these guns remained silent on D-Day.
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