General Discussion
Related: Editorials & Other Articles, Issue Forums, Alliance Forums, Region ForumsRemember, It failed 54 to 46, five Democrats voted against it. Four Republicans voted for it.
I will NEVER understand why the Democratic Party couldn't even muster the courage to pass such modest legislation.
Never.
Even McCain and Collins and Toomey supported it.
Now we reap what we sow.
-----
The Senate delivered a devastating blow to President Obamas agenda to regulate guns Wednesday by defeating a bipartisan proposal to expand background checks.
It failed by a vote of 54 to 46, with five Democrats voting against it. Only four Republicans supported it.
Democratic Sens. Mark Pryor (Ark.), Max Baucus (Mont.), Heidi Heitkamp (N.D.), Mark Begich (Alaska) and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (Nev.) voted against it. Reid supported the measure but voted against it to preserve his ability to bring the measure up again.
GOP Sens. John McCain (Ariz.), Susan Collins (Maine), Pat Toomey (Pa.) and Mark Kirk (Ill.) voted "yes."
The amendment sponsored by Sens. Joe Manchin (D-W.Va.) and Toomey appeared to have political momentum last week.
It would have expanded checks to cover all firearms sales at gun shows and over the Internet, but would have exempted sales between friends and acquaintances outside of commercial venues.
Democrats felt confident the compromise could pass once Toomey, a Republican with an A rating from the National Rifle Association, signed on. They were caught off guard by the vigorous lobbying campaign waged by the NRA, which warned lawmakers that Manchin-Toomey would be a factor in its congressional scorecard.
What appeared to be a likely victory for the president was resoundingly defeated by the Senate as jittery Democrats facing tough reelections next year joined nearly the entire Republican conference.
http://thehill.com/homenews/senate/294571-senate-rejects-tougher-background-checks-on-gun-purchases
CaliforniaPeggy
(149,528 posts)Initech
(100,041 posts)And our piece of shit Congress allows them to get away with being terrorists.
GGJohn
(9,951 posts)they seemed to not got the meme by Initech.
workinclasszero
(28,270 posts)They use money and fear to keep as all wondering when the next psycho bastard is going to exercise his "2nd amendment right" to mass murder.
And don't worry America, it will happen again, soon.
Will your loved ones be in the crosshair the next time? Well we will all be sorry and pray for you as they throw the dirt over your kids.
Yes we will all pray and do nothing to stop this from happening again and again and again.
GGJohn
(9,951 posts)I'm sure they'll appreciate your input.
peacebird
(14,195 posts)On edit, this vote was two years ago....
FrodosPet
(5,169 posts)In a good democracy, elected officials pay no attention to constituents. They follow their head and their heart and their party's leadership, not the babbling nonsense of the masses.
dsc
(52,152 posts)She and Landrieu voted for the bill even though they were up for reelection in southern states.
yeoman6987
(14,449 posts)Wonder what they are up to?
Kingofalldems
(38,425 posts)friendly_iconoclast
(15,333 posts)GGJohn
(9,951 posts)Was their votes worth it?
hack89
(39,171 posts)branford
(4,462 posts)besides the Senate, the legislation would have needed to be passed by the Republican House. There was no chance of this occurring.
At best, President Obama believed that he could spin the legislation just passing the Senate as some modest, albeit useless, victory. The bar is so low that even a slightly less embarrassing defeat would have been considered a gun control victory.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)You know - this isn't some sort of wonkish abstraction.
The dead and injured are stacking up like cord wood. Besides the obvious social costs, there are the costs to pay for law enforcement, hospitals, morgues, etc etc etc.
The BULLSHIT justification for such self-serving behavior just makes it worse.
branford
(4,462 posts)and about half what they were just a few decades ago.
The difference is that due to the digital revolution and constant cable news, we're all just more aware of certain crime and it's commercialized and exploited for profit and political gain. In fact, some would argue that school shootings like in Oregon are often little more than copycat crime or motivated by the infamy that such a public spectacle now engenders.
rbrnmw
(7,160 posts)branford
(4,462 posts)might be encouraged by excessive and exploitative press coverage (a topic often discussed on DU), feel free to post what you believe is actually incorrect with supporting citations. At least with crime rates, the data is readily available at the Bureau of Justice Statistics and FBI.
If the NRA is citing such data, it demonstrates they're politically savvy, but it doesn't make the statistics any less accurate.
Claiming something is an "NRA Talking Point" is not a substantive refutation of anything.
friendly_iconoclast
(15,333 posts)GGJohn
(9,951 posts)one should keep their mouth shut and let people think they're a fool rather than open it and prove them right.
Words to live by.
pablo_marmol
(2,375 posts)Can't deal with the truth -- dismiss it as an "NRA talking point".
How do you feel when global warning deniers dismiss scientific evidence as "liberal talking points"?
Yeah --- that's what I thought.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)and violence is now the result.
Militarized police, trama centers, homicide departments, jesus fucking christ NRA nut jobs have created a goddamn killing fields here in USA making us mockery.
Oh, did I say fuck you NRA? Just to be clear in case I forget to mention it - fuck you NRA and your culture of death, racism, bigotry and neo-confederate values.
p.s Fuck you, NRA. Don't come around here dripping blood, leaving stains. Now go clean it up.
branford
(4,462 posts)They have about 5 million members out of 80-100+ legal gun owners in the USA. More than one out of every three Americans legally owns a firearm, and the NRA represents a mere 5-6% of them. Their advocacy would be absolutely meaningless if not for the fact that a great many Americans, gun owners and non-gun owning gun rights supporters alike, did not agree with their positions, in whole or in part.
Simply, support for gun rights and opposition to restrictions are at generational highs and still increasing, and the NRA only reflects this reality. I would also note that the NRA was not even responsible for the biggest gun rights victories in recent memory, the Heller and McDonald Supreme Court decisions. This was solely the work of the Second Amendment Foundation, and it's they who are leading the gun rights vanguard in the courts, not the NRA.
http://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2015/oct/02/mass-shootings-have-no-impact-on-support-for-gun-rights-in-the-us
http://www.gallup.com/poll/179213/six-americans-say-guns-homes-safer.aspx
http://www.gallup.com/poll/179045/less-half-americans-support-stricter-gun-laws.aspx
http://www.people-press.org/2014/12/10/growing-public-support-for-gun-rights/
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)Did I mention Fuck you NRA and your blood money and blood lies? If not Fuck You NRA.
GGJohn
(9,951 posts)whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)GGJohn
(9,951 posts)but I sure see a lot of spittle.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)GGJohn
(9,951 posts)give your head a light smack to move it forward.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)Just fuck you and your smug satisfaction at the hands of your well armed milita.
GGJohn
(9,951 posts)Hatred like that will lead to health problems, mental and physical.
Just a friendly suggestion.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)jack_krass
(1,009 posts)Hatred like you're displaying here is unhealthy, and in some cases, the root cause of the violence your ostensably crusading against....
Also I'd argue, in this case irrational. It is not the NRA committing these, or any violent acts. I blame nobody but the actual perps themselves
mak3cats
(1,573 posts)On Fri Oct 2, 2015, 11:44 PM an alert was sent on the following post:
Your needle is stuck,
http://www.democraticunderground.com/?com=view_post&forum=1002&pid=7225278
REASON FOR ALERT
This post is disruptive, hurtful, rude, insensitive, over-the-top, or otherwise inappropriate.
ALERTER'S COMMENTS
Right-wing nut jobbery does not below on this board.
You served on a randomly-selected Jury of DU members which reviewed this post. The review was completed at Fri Oct 2, 2015, 11:51 PM, and the Jury voted 3-4 to LEAVE IT.
Juror #1 voted to LEAVE IT ALONE
Explanation: Well, it always worked for me. Just a quick hit in the head.
Juror #2 voted to HIDE IT
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Juror #3 voted to HIDE IT
Explanation: No explanation given
Juror #4 voted to LEAVE IT ALONE
Explanation: As much as I don't agree with the gun-humpers, there are a lot of DU members who belong to that particular (in my opinion, misguided) clique. They have a right to their opinion too, even if it is stupid.
Juror #5 voted to LEAVE IT ALONE
Explanation: It's below in the gungeon
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Explanation: tired of this gunner...
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Explanation: Call me naive, but I .can't figure out how the alerter found this post so objectionable.
Thank you very much for participating in our Jury system, and we hope you will be able to participate again in the future.
GGJohn
(9,951 posts)and thanks for being honest, that makes you a stand up person.
treestar
(82,383 posts)not sure why this is considered such a good argument.
GGJohn
(9,951 posts)without alcohol, alcohol related deaths would be a lot lower, and so on and so forth.
branford
(4,462 posts)For example, the USA has a high level suicide by firearm (and it represents two-thirds of deaths by firearm in our country), but our suicide rates are comparable, and sometimes lower, than other similar advanced western countries like Canada, Australia and Europe, and significantly lower than gun control havens like Japan and South Korea. Your contention would be the equivalent of stating if America didn't have guns, we would probably have the lowest suicide rate of first world countries. However, as you can imagine, it doesn't quite work that way.
Also review the levels of violent crime in comparable countries like Britain. Depending on the study, it's sometimes higher than the USA.
Simply, firearms are not the cause of crime. They are a tool used by criminals. That distinction is extremely relevant, and fewer firearms would not necessarily mean there would be less crime.
Recursion
(56,582 posts)Actually it often happens when the two chambers are controlled by different parties.
The only actual requirement is that revenue measures originate in the House; any other legislation can (and often does) originate in the Senate.
GeorgeGist
(25,311 posts)Truprogressive85
(900 posts)Political courage and spine something Democrats lack
They lacked courage when it came to Iraq
The lacked spine other issues
PoliticAverse
(26,366 posts)in the Senate.
GGJohn
(9,951 posts)gun control measures, like another AWB, like a mag capacity limit.
And don't forget, DiFi voted against filibuster reform, so she was responsible in part for it's defeat.
kelliekat44
(7,759 posts)Suggestion for gun control
First, this suggestion is aimed at ONE group of weapons for now
those kinds of assault weapons that allow a shooter to shoot massive rounds of ammo at many people at one time. I am no gun guru so I dont know the specific names or types of weapons that would be covered. The intention is to cover automatic, multiple firing, assault weapons of all kinds
long, short, modified etc.
The technology is already available for doing this since we can locate a cell phone anywhere in the world without any difficulty.
I propose that ALL weapons of the type above be GPS tagged with a device that would allow detection within 500 yards of a signaling device.
All schools (from day care to University level) and all public gathering places (malls, theaters, government buildings, Planned Parenthood clinics, hospitals, churches etc. be equipped with responding devices that would set off an alarm whenever a weapon of the type covered was within 500 yards of the public building.
A date certain would be set by the Congress as to when all such weapons should be equipped the tags . STIFF penalties should be set for non-compliance with the tagging law. Violators would be subject to huge fines and mandatory imprisonment for violations and non-compliance.
Certain magazines and ammo would also be likewise tagged.
This proposal does not cover individual fire arms like hand guns unless they are modified to be multiple firing assault weapons.
The details of the enforcement would still have to be worked out.
This will not stop all killings by firearms but it would go a long way to prevent the type of mass shootings we are seeing almost every month.
hack89
(39,171 posts)Just how will the government find all those guns to put GPS tags on them?
kelliekat44
(7,759 posts)Travis_0004
(5,417 posts)Its actually quite heavy on batteries. I doubt the battery would last more than 24 hours before it needed charging.
Lets hope any criminal could figgure out how to unplug a battery.
hack89
(39,171 posts)Don't you think that many people won't. That is the problem with your sceme. The people that will obey are not the ones likely to kill someone. Criminals and crazy killers are not bringing their guns in.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)kelliekat44
(7,759 posts)reported it? An assault weapon of this nature should have been safely under lock and key. That would be the owners reasonable responsibility. If you know you could go to jail if you are careless you would probably be more careful. And what is the percentage of these weapons being stolen to commit mass murder?
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)as a criminal. If I lose it or it is stolen and used in a crime I should be heavily fined, perhaps starting at $10,000.
krispos42
(49,445 posts)I make sure to put a tag on bus heading for the east side.
For a variety of reasons, the idea wouldn't work. Five seconds in a microwave will roast electronics but not harm an unloaded gun. There goes your chip.
The larger problem is that the ability of a person to fire many shots in a short period of time has mostly to do with determination and general gun handling abilities. The mass shooter picks a confined, crowded place of (usually) unarmed victims and ambushes them. As long as he sees the people around him simply as targets to engage, or perhaps alternately as focal points of his rage, then the shooter can put dozens of rounds down-range with pretty much any gun made after 1873.
Remember, these things generally go on until the shooter kills himself, decides to flee, or is shot by the cops. Ample time exists for reloading, regardless of the type of gun.
kelliekat44
(7,759 posts)Lee-Lee
(6,324 posts)There is no such technology on the face of the earth- and what the hell is "fire plated" are you inventing some new miracle welding technique also?
friendly_iconoclast
(15,333 posts)GGJohn
(9,951 posts)That's science fiction.
kelliekat44
(7,759 posts)the technology wasn't. That smart phone Tracey talked to on his arm back in the 50's was laughed at too.
Lee-Lee
(6,324 posts)What's to stop anyone intent on murder from removing the tags?
Stiff penalties? When they are about to commit a crime with even stiffer penalties?
That's the the first glaringly stupid problem.
GPS tags on AMMO? Tell me, just how the hell is that even possible?
Virtually every place you listed is within 500 yards of a major road or highway that have lots of traffic- you would have legally transported guns passing by them dozens, if not hundreds of times a day setting off alarms- just how are you going to deal with that?
Lastly, are you going into the future to invent this technology that allows you to have a small enough tag that doesn't use batteries that can be detected 500 yards away? Because that doesn't exist now.
Yeah, that's probably the stupidest gun control idea to come down in a long time- because it's based on technology that doesn't even exist and all a person who wants to misuse a gun has to do it take it off- so it would be 100% ineffective.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)As someone who previously worked deeply in area of GPS and tagging location, it is worth some research and development cash. Just understand the end product could look very different than described but still effective. Wish we had more discussions like this because this is EXACTLY the sort of discussion that leads to game changing innovation.
gratuitous
(82,849 posts)Let's introduce another bill and see what happens.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)GGJohn
(9,951 posts)ancianita
(35,939 posts)aikoaiko
(34,163 posts)Do we know if the shooter used guns purchased in private sales when he would have been blocked had he can through a background check?
Lee-Lee
(6,324 posts)Both used straw purchasers. At Columbine it was the girlfriend of one of the shooters- she never faced any charges for providing the gun. The buyer in NY was prosecuted.
Virtually every other one passed the checks or stole the guns.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)or purchased by you is used in a crime. The fucker had serious mental problems and was given access to 13 guns.
GGJohn
(9,951 posts)who owns what, where they are, and the actual number of firearms.
BTW, the ACLU also opposes registration on the grounds of invasion of privacy.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)GGJohn
(9,951 posts)whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)pablo_marmol
(2,375 posts)Errr.......well actually your hate backfires in that it raises more cash for the object of your hatred. But I hope that your poutrage makes you feel good.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)neo-confederate maggots refusing to take responsibility and pay for the carnage they create. Tri corner patriots ready for civil war against the US to protect their idiotic vision of sovereign rights.
There's a time for hate and anger. You think this is some sort of three dimensional chess game you are wrong where moderates discuss the deaths in smoking jackets?.
The NRA is a terrorist organization - I can't think of a better target for anger.
pablo_marmol
(2,375 posts)whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)GGJohn
(9,951 posts)NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA, NRA,
Lee-Lee
(6,324 posts)The failure was not the lack of checks, but that he wasn't in the mental health system or if he wasn't the information wasn't related to the FBI for the checks.
More checks don't help when people who shouldn't are passing checks already.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)if any of those were used in conjunction with his slaughter, the owner of those guns should be charged with a felony.
Lee-Lee
(6,324 posts)Some by him, some by family members.
There was no "notorious gun market" invoked, whatever in the world you are talking about.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)that loophole. And if any of the fuckers in that house bought the guns that were used in the slaughter, they should be charged with a felony.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)Jim Beard
(2,535 posts)Time for another vote.
GGJohn
(9,951 posts)Not going to happen.
MADem
(135,425 posts)prerogative as leader.
Reid supported the measure but voted against it to preserve his ability to bring the measure up again.
Shame he couldn't have twisted a few arms (off if necessary) and gotten the votes.
GGJohn
(9,951 posts)He voted against filibuster reform, as did DiFi, he and DiFi are in part responsible for the defeat of the bill.
MADem
(135,425 posts)Forget it.
No point in even trying.
cui bono
(19,926 posts)AUTOMATED MESSAGE: Results of your Jury Service
Mail Message
On Fri Oct 2, 2015, 10:13 PM an alert was sent on the following post:
Ha, Reid was his own worse enemy,
http://www.democraticunderground.com/?com=view_post&forum=1002&pid=7225357
REASON FOR ALERT
This post is disruptive, hurtful, rude, insensitive, over-the-top, or otherwise inappropriate.
ALERTER'S COMMENTS
Consistently wrong, unaware of Senate procedures, and generally a nincompoop.
You served on a randomly-selected Jury of DU members which reviewed this post. The review was completed at Fri Oct 2, 2015, 10:21 PM, and the Jury voted 1-6 to LEAVE IT.
Juror #1 voted to LEAVE IT ALONE
Explanation: If a poster is unaware of Senate procedures, train him or her. Don't call him/her a nincompoop. I think this alerter needs a time out for abusive language!
Juror #2 voted to LEAVE IT ALONE
Explanation: being wrong isn't a hide-worthy offense. tell the poster they're wrong.
Juror #3 voted to LEAVE IT ALONE
Explanation: This such a childish and ridiculous alert. Must be personal because I see absolutely NOTHING hide worthy in here. WTF?
The alert needs to be alerted on. It is "disruptive, hurtful, rude, insensitive, over-the-top, or otherwise inappropriate". Hope you get a time out from alerting.
Juror #4 voted to LEAVE IT ALONE
Explanation: The alerter is a fucking idiot...just read the stupidest fucking comment in the history of alerts...
Juror #5 voted to HIDE IT
Explanation: This poster has a knack for repeating NRA talking points or just shear nonsense, invariably aimed at Democrats. Worse, he is all over this thread, spamming it and disrupting it with over a dozen often insulting posts. Enough.
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Explanation: I was unaware that being nincompoop was against the TOS.
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GGJohn
(9,951 posts)It would seem that there is a concerted effort to either get me on a time out or banned, this is the 3rd jury results of alerts so far, I'm sure there's more.
Have a great night.
pablo_marmol
(2,375 posts)Vietnam vet, gay rights supporter, and consistent in your expectation that empirical evidence should guide public policy.
YOU BASTARD!
GGJohn
(9,951 posts)That does seem to be a problem with some of the "progressives" on this board.
Recursion
(56,582 posts)If the majority leader is going to lose a vote he needs to vote against the measure or he's not allowed to re-introduce it.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)Rhetorical question. We already know the answer.
Recursion
(56,582 posts)He's retiring, so he probably won't.
GGJohn
(9,951 posts)so it would never make it to the floor for a vote.
pansypoo53219
(20,955 posts)GGJohn
(9,951 posts)it received a majority of votes also, but not the 60 votes to defeat the filibuster.
whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)GGJohn
(9,951 posts)whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)pablo_marmol
(2,375 posts)whereisjustice
(2,941 posts)GGJohn
(9,951 posts)NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,NRA,