A headline's purpose is to quickly and briefly draw attention to the story. It is generally written by a copy editor, but may also be written by the writer, the page layout designer, or other editors... The film The Shipping News has an illustrative exchange between the protagonist, who is learning how to write for a local newspaper, and his publisher:

Publisher: It's finding the center of your story, the beating heart of it, that's what makes a reporter. You have to start by making up some headlines. You know: short, punchy, dramatic headlines. Now, have a look, (pointing at dark clouds gathering in the sky over the ocean) what do you see? Tell me the headline.
Protagonist: HORIZON FILLS WITH DARK CLOUDS?
Publisher: IMMINENT STORM THREATENS VILLAGE.
Protagonist: But what if no storm comes?
Publisher: VILLAGE SPARED FROM DEADLY STORM

...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headline

discharges (from Lake Okeechobee), which carry pollutants from agricultural lands

...the state’s inability to close a deal to purchase thousands of acres of land south of Lake Okeechobee — to create a natural runoff from the lake into the Florida Everglades, where the diverse ecosystem could naturally filter toxins from the north — has been to blame for the problems But the area south of the lake has been controlled by sugar farmers for decades, and environmentalists like Mr. Perry say state legislators in Tallahassee kowtow to agricultural lobbyists who fund their re-election campaigns.

“The flow used to go south to the Everglades, and now this is a man-made, criminal disaster,” Mr. Perry said. “They, as in the state and federal government, say they can’t send the water south, but they can. This is an absolute atrocity that they are allowed to continue this in the name of agriculture. This is the worst I’ve ever seen it.”

The 2016 sugar harvest was the longest on record because of rain delays, making it also one of the most profitable on record, resulting in 2.15 million tons of sugar. Under Mr. Scott, the board of the South Florida Water Management District failed in 2015 to carry out a plan to buy roughly 47,000 acres of land from U.S. Sugar south of Lake Okeechobee that would have acted as a reservoir for the lake’s runoff.

“The political leadership has not been putting the demand on the agencies to fix the problem,” Mr. Perry said. “This water was never meant to go east and west — it was meant to go south.”...

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... Energy Secretary Amber Rudd on Thursday endorsed a recommendation for the U.K. to slash carbon dioxide emissions by 57 percent between 2028 and 2032. The government’s official climate adviser said current policies only deliver about 53 percent of the reductions needed, and the vote to leave the European Union will further complicate environmental policies.

The recommendation in an annual progress report by the Committee on Climate Change indicates the tough decisions Prime Minister David Cameron’s successor faces. Britain already has cut emissions 38 percent from the 1990 baseline used in the calculations, leaving environmental groups seeking deeper cuts in greenhouse gases increasingly at odds with industry and consumers who are demanding cheaper power. The vote on the EU adds another dimension.

“Leaving the EU will require the reassessment of some existing and proposed policies but does not change the need for the U.K. to play its role in reducing emissions,” said John Gummer, the chairman of the committee, who is also known as Lord Deben since his elevation to the upper chamber of Parliament.

The committee was established by the government to advise ministers on policy and will produce a detailed analysis on the impact of the vote to leave the EU in the autumn. That decision may lead to the scrapping or weakening of some Brussels-led green policies, such as new car emissions standards, the EU Emissions Trading System and laws on waste and harmful fluorinated gases, the committee said...

http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-06-30/u-k-told-to-double-scale-of-pollution-cuts-to-meet-climate-goal