She was born in Bronxville, New York.[2] She attended Russell Sage College, a womens college in Troy, New York, and graduated in 1942, with degrees in English and History. After graduation, she was recruited by the Army Signal Intelligence Service to work as a code breaker, at the recommendation of the Dean of Russell Sage. She worked on IBM machines, starting with sorting paper, but quickly rose through the ranks.[3] Caracristi was sent to Washington, D.C., she attended the cryptanalysis courses of William Friedman where puzzles were used to train cryptographers in the art of pattern recognition.
During World War II, Caracristi's cryptography work was focused on deciphering the additive systems used by Japanese military forces and merchant fleet. She was known for her exceptional talent at reconstructing enemy code books.[4] She and her colleagues were among the first Americans to learn of Japan's planned surrender, having deciphered the code on August 14, 1945.[5]
Following the war, Caracristi was hired at an agency that would later become part of the National Security Agency. She was promoted first to supergrade, a higher civil service paygrade, in 1959, and then to GS-18 (the highest supergrade) as the Chief of Research and Operations in 1975.[5]
In 1980, Caracristi became the sixth NSA Deputy Director, the first woman to serve in this role.[4] She received the Department of Defense Distinguished Civilian Service Award in 1980, the highest award given to civilians.[6] As Deputy Director, she was credited with providing leadership for new generations of code breakers and integrating the use computers and technology.[4]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Z._Caracristi