I agree that we need to change our footprint in the world which only comes from redefinition of a good life.
I also agree that the standard solution of "Economic Growth" is not the solution either. The usual measures behind growth have both activities that are net positive and net negative to whatever we think of as the good life.
I also agree that "greed" is a problem no matter what system. First, within human nature, we have competitive and greedy genes. However, we also have cooperative, sharing and generous genes in our nature.
Secondly, in our schooling and societal indoctrination, we are taught both on a conscious and unconscious level that this is the greatest country that ever lived and that growth can be unlimited. When a running back runs over someone to the endzone we celebrate the victory and do not see the guy who got run over.
As a goal, Shared Prosperity has the one benefit that it has a non-competitive framework in the word "shared". It implies that prosperity is not defined by individual opportunity for success but the affect of our economic activity on all of us.
As said above, I agree with you that GDP growth and individual success measures are not the way to this good life for the great majority of people. However, I believe that sharing whatever the benefits of our economic activity is a better conception of a goal for our economic system rather than the looser concept of "equal opportunity" which does not limit individual success by reference to the greater whole.