Source:
Business Cycle Dating Committee, National Bureau of Economic ResearchThe Business Cycle Dating Committee of the National Bureau of Economic Research met by conference call on Friday, November 28. The committee maintains a chronology of the beginning and ending dates (months and quarters) of U.S. recessions. The committee determined that a peak in economic activity occurred in the U.S. economy in December 2007. The peak marks the end of the expansion that began in November 2001 and the beginning of a recession. The expansion lasted 73 months; the previous expansion of the 1990s lasted 120 months.
...
The committee views the payroll employment measure, which is based on a large survey of employers, as the most reliable comprehensive estimate of employment. This series reached a peak in December 2007 and has declined every month since then.
...
The Month of the Peak
The committee identified December 2007 as the peak month, after determining that the subsequent decline in economic activity was large enough to qualify as a recession.
...
The Quarter of the Peak
The committee determined that the peak quarter of economic activity was the fourth quarter of 2007. When the monthly peak occurs in the last month of a quarter, the NBER’s long-standing procedures dates the quarterly peak either in the quarter containing the monthly peak or in the subsequent quarter. Thus, the committee could have dated the quarterly peak in 2008Q1 if it had determined that economic activity was higher in that quarter than in 2007Q4. However, the committee determined that this was not the case. Most notably, both payroll employment and the income-side estimate of domestic production were lower in 2008Q1 than in 2007Q4, and the product-side estimate of domestic production was only slightly higher. The committee found that the peak quarter was the one containing the peak month, 2007Q4.
...
For more information, see the FAQs below and also see
http://www.nber.org/cycles.html. Read more:
http://www.nber.org/cycles/dec2008.html
nber is a private, non-profit organization, but this committee is widely recognized as the "official" arbiter of the business cycle.
it should be noted that only 2 post world war ii recessions have lasted more than 11 months (under nixon/ford 1973-75 and reagan in 1981-82, both 16 months). as few people would wager that we're out of the recession today, this recession has already lasted a year, making it #3 in terms of length.