So someone could "call" it the same way they call "bullshit" or "liar" or anything else.
Here's one discussion of possible origins of the word:
http://www.takeourword.com/et_q-s.html#shenIs shenanigans from Irish shee nanna gasne or from French for `I dunno'?
One source doesn't even mention a possible Irish origin, but instead, it indicates that Spanish chanada (a short form of charranada `trick, deceit') is a likely origin. William and Mary Morris (see the bibliography) note that shenanigans could comes from Irish sionnachuighim `I play the fox.' But both the sources mention German dialectic schinageln `to work at hard labor' as a possible origin for shenanigans. Apparently, the implication is `using trickery to avoid hard labor.'