October 5
Things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school
1582: Pope Gregory annuls 14 days, bringing calendar back in line with seasons.
1789: Declaration of the Rights of Man.
1813: Native American chief Tecumseh killed by U.S. military. Thames River, Ontario, Canada.
1839: Birth of Eugene Varlin, near Paris. Bookbinder, working militant, internationalist, anarchist. Forced into exile, returns with the fall of the empire, and during the Paris Commune of 1871, elected a member of the commune. Shot during the last week.
1864: Most of Calcutta destroyed by cyclone (approximately 60,000 die).
1877: At Eagle Creek in Bear Paw Mountains, Montana, Nez Perce leader Chief Joseph surrenders his rifle after months in which his starving band eluded pursuing federal troops: "From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever." Earlier in the year, the U.S. government broke a land treaty with the Nez Perce Indians, forcing the group out of their homeland in Wallowa Valley in the Northwest for relocation in Idaho. In the midst of their journey, Chief Joseph learned three young Nez Perce warriors, enraged at the loss of their homeland, had massacred a band of white settlers. Fearing retaliation by the Army, he began one of the greatest retreats in American military history. For over three months, Chief Joseph led less than 300 Nez Perce Indians toward the Canadian border, covering a distance of over 1,000 miles as the Nez Perce outmaneuvered and battled over 2,000 pursuing U.S. soldiers. Finally, only 40 miles short of his Canadian goal, they were cornered, and forcibly relocated.
1878: George B. Vashion dies of yellow fever in Rodney, Miss. Poet and first African-American lawyer in New York.
1903: Birth of Germinal Esgleas, Barcelona. Spanish anarchist militant, Secretary-General of the CNT. Active in exile (in France), he was sentenced to prison by the Vichy government.
1909: Thirty-two die in Extension Mine, Ladysmith, British Columbia.
1929: Nicaraguan National Guard garrison mutinied, murdering its U.S. Marine commander.
1931: Two thousand invade Cleveland City Hall in unemployment demonstration.
1934: French surrealist/anarchist filmmaker Jean Vigo dies. Son of the anarchist Eugene Vigo.
1934: Forty thousand miners and iron workers strike, seizing towns around Gijon, Spain. Three thousand killed.
1935: Xaman Massacre: Guatemalan Army kills 11 recently returned refugees.
1942: Heinrich Himmler orders all concentration camp inmates to be transported to Auschwitz or Majdanek, Poland.
1958: Clinton, Tenn. high school, which was desegregated in 1956, is destroyed by three predawn dynamite explosions.
1966: Sodium cooling system malfunction caused a partial core meltdown at the Enrico Fermi demonstration breeder reactor near Detroit, Michigan. Radiation was reportedly contained.
1968: Cambodia allows Vietcong to seek sanctuary.
1968: Police break up civil rights demonstration. Derry, Northern Ireland.
1968: Seattle police kill Black Panther member Welton "Butch" Armstead during an arrest for suspicion of car theft.
1969: Dianne Linkletter, daughter of TV personality Art Linkletter and an aspiring actress, leaps to her death from her West Hollywood apartment. Linkletter claims his daughter was under the influence of LSD at the time of her apparent suicide.
1969: In an embarrassing breach of the United States' air defense capability, a Cuban defector enters U.S. air space undetected. Lands his Soviet-made MiG-17 at Homestead Air Force Base near Miami, Florida, where the presidential aircraft Air Force One is waiting to return Pres. Nixon to Washington.
1969: Premiere of "Monty Python's Flying Circus."
1969: Blacks riot in North Las Vegas, Nevada.
1971: Arctic Slope Native Association files suit against Alaska, claiming the 76,000 acre North Slope.
1979: Two thousand activists demonstrate against development of uranium mines in Black Hills, South Dakota.
1983: Labor militant and Solidarity founder Lech Walesa wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
1987: U.S. Supreme Court refuses to hear Leonard Peltier appeal.
1990: Seventy-five thousand Costa Rican service workers strike against government austerity measures demanded by International Monetary Fund "structural adjustment program."
1990: Meir Kahane, founder of extreme right-wing Jewish Defense League, assassinated at 58.
1990: Cincinnati jury acquits art gallery of obscenity for displaying photography of Robert Mappelthorpe.
1991: "Stop the hatred to stop the war" demonstration, Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
1994: Italy becomes 54th country to abolish the death penalty.
1995: In a protest of proposed Medicare and Medicaid cuts, 31 people are arrested for occupying King County Republican Party headquarters in Seattle. Related demonstrations take place in Bellingham Tacoma, Everett, and Yakima.
http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?itemid=17809#5