The 'American dream' of unashamed wealth and the opportunity for all to acquire it has reached a crisis point before: in the Depression, the oil shock, in the 'greed is good' Eighties and the madness of the dotcom bubble.
But America's relationship with wealth - uncomfortable as it has sometimes been - has always been built on the same foundation. Even as charted in the salutary tales of Fitzgerald, Steinbeck or Wolfe over the decades, or in the endless fascination with Howard Hughes and the fictional Ewings of Dallas, the aspiring masses never quite lost their admiration for blatant enrichment, nor the elite their pride in it. Now, however, all that appears to be changing.
Confronted by the revelation that Wall Street's biggest earners are pulling down figures that the chancelleries of many small countries would be happy to have banked, and in the midst of an election cycle that has focused on the impoverishment of ordinary Americans, a cultural backlash is under way. It is not only from those impoverished US householders, or from the usual suspects on the left, either. Even those who might normally be considered filthy rich are declaring themselves offended by the obscene levels of remuneration of the country's uber-wealthy. The latest backlash - which has seen even the Republican nominee for President John McCain (married to an heiress) weigh in - has been prompted by the news last week that Wall Street's biggest ever pay packet topped $3.7bn (almost £2bn) in 2007 for one hedge fund manager for a fortune he made from gambling on the collapse in the mortgage market that has caused millions to lose their homes.
And as the financial crisis spawned in the US spreads globally, there is even unprecedented talk of 'shame' in the ranks of the super-rich. 'There is something really obscene going on. This is an era of ridiculous excess. We have not seen the worst of it and there is going to be real anger,' said David Rothkopf, author of a new book, Superclass
The man with history's biggest annual pay packet is hedge fund manager John Paulson of Paulson & Company. But he is not alone, as the 'Alpha 25 list' of the super-rich published by Alpha financial magazine last week made clear. Up with Paulson were global markets gambler George Soros and rival dealer James Simons, who made $3bn apiece. Meanwhile ordinary Americans are being squeezed harder by inflation and the credit crunch, a stagnant economy, falling house values and rising unemployment - and, in a tax system rigged against them by successive conservative administrations, often pay proportionately twice as much tax as Paulson, Soros and their cohorts.
The widening gap that these trends are producing in US society is shaking traditional values to their roots. There are growing signs that the majority are losing faith in the remains of the American dream, while the chief beneficiaries of it feel guilty as never before. 'It's unprecedented that the superwealthy would express so much shame in public', said Robert Frank, author of the book Richistan, which chronicles the rise of America's new super-wealthy to a point where they live in a separate world of rarefied exclusivity. 'It is not just people like Bill Gates and Warren Buffett standing up and saying "it's not fair". I spoke to 100 people earning over $10m who would not even admit to being rich: they feel ashamed about the inequality.'
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/apr/20/usa.subprimecrisis