Posted on Thursday, January 22nd, 2009
By bsetser
Japanese exports are down. Way down. The 35% y/y fall in December is consistent with a brutal collapse in intra-Asian and global trade.
The yen, though, is up. Way up against some currencies. It recently approached a record high against the slumping pound.
The yen’s rise amid Japan’s slump is no doubt a source of concern at the Bank of Japan — and the Ministry of Finance. No one right now really wants an appreciating currency.
It also has to be a bit of a concern to a few other central banks as well. At least to their reserve managers. Over the past several years, the pound has been a popular diversification play, taking a rising share of the world’s rapidly growing reserve pie.
In 2000, the IMF indicates that central banks that report detailed data to the IMF held a little less 4% of their reserves in pounds and around 6% in yen. By the end of 2007, the pound’s share topped 7% while the yen’s share had slipped to under 3%. Central banks didn’t like low yen rates, and the pound offered a bit of carry.
Some industrial counties (like the US) have long held a lot of yen, but the data from those emerging economies that report the currency composition of their reserves to the IMF is consistent with the global trend. If those emerging economies that do not report detailed data to the IMF acted like those that did, annual central bank purchases of pounds over the past several years have been in the $40 to $70 billion range. That is real money for an economy of the UK’s size.
The pounds share of the total slid a bit in q3 as the dollar and yen rallied, but that doesn’t mean that central banks were selling pounds. Those emerging markets that report data to the IMF bought $9 billion of pounds and sold $9 billion of yen in q3.
I will be curious to see if central banks continue to try to maintain their allocation to pounds now. Portfolio balancing, remember, means buying what is going down to keep its share of your portfolio constant. That could provide a bit of support for the pound.
If not, watch out. As Lisa Scott-Smith of Millennium Global Investments note (via Joanna Slater of the WSJ)
“The pound isn’t a natural reserve currency in the way that the dollar would be.”
http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/2009/01/22/trouble-in-tokyo-and-in-london/