Dick Ross lies awake in bed as 18-wheelers crawl past his house. Their headlights stream through his window. They are waiting to dump drilling waste on a corn farm 50 feet from his front door. The concoction is a mystery to him, except that when it blows through the air, it strips the paint off his house. For two years, he has fought the Texas Railroad Commission over permit violations involving the dumpsite, submitting photos of trucks dumping waste at all hours of the night and letters demanding that his neighbor’s dumpsite be tested for contamination, as required by law. His campaign to shut down the dumpsite triggered threats of litigation from the waste haulers and a giant pile of e-mail correspondence from commission staff, attorneys and scientists assuring him that the dumpsite doesn’t pose any health risks.
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The Environmental Protection Agency is set to study much of the lifecycle of hydraulic fracturing — the controversial process of pressure-pumping chemical-laden water to release the gas — including the final disposition of millions of barrels of wastewater that flows back with the gas. But far less attention has been paid to the tons of drilling mud and other solids being spread across the land.
Some landowners open their gates and bank accounts to the industry’s need to dump the waste, oblivious to environmental risks. While official eyes are averted, permits to dump are stretched beyond their limits. And as neighbors eye each other with increasing distrust, millions of gallons of toxic waste are spread on the land, sometimes overflowing into waterways, sometimes becoming airborne and blowing across the prairie. The 986 square miles of Hill County has around 35,000 residents. Much of the land is owned by ranchers and farmers. “These people believe what they’re told — that this waste is safe,” Ross says. “Now their crops won’t grow.”
The landfarm near Ross’ home was properly permitted within the regulations current at that time, according to Railroad Commission spokeswoman Ramona Nye. After Ross complained to the commission, an inspector tested the landfarm for NORM, naturally occurring radioactive material often present in drilling waste, and found readings “within background levels for NORM” in the soil, Nye wrote in an e-mail.
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