Actually, the whole site pretty much spins for "9/11: THE OFFICIAL NEOCON VERSION"
The bar is set pretty low at 911miss. As long you are not a "conspiracy theorist", your views are perfectly logical.
Beyond that, they are perfectly omitted.
Here Prof. Jones deflates the Greening "study".
(This record of experiments is posted freely at
ST911.)
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February 17, 2006
Draft 1.1
Experiments Testing Greening’s Hypothesis Regarding Molten AluminumBy Steven E. Jones with Wesley Lifferth, Jared Dodson, Jacob Stevenson and Shannon Walch
In a treatise entitled “Aluminum and the World Trade Center Disaster,” Frank Greening raises an intriguing hypothesis:
“Modern airframes are invariably constructed from series 2000 aluminum alloys. Alloy 2024 is a typical example containing 93 % Al, 4.5 % Cu, 1.5 % Mg, and 0.5 % each of Mn and Fe. These metallic additions to aluminum lower the melting point of the alloy from a value of 660 C, for pure aluminum, to about 548 C for alloy 2024. This relatively low temperature indicates that the fires within the Twin Towers were quite capable of melting at least some of the Boeing 767 aluminum airframe structures remaining in the WTC before its collapse…
“Based on these findings it is proposed that the formation of molten aluminum in the Twin Towers just before their collapse, accounts for most of the startling and controversial observations that accompanied the spectacular destruction of these massive structures. It is suggested that molten aluminum initiated the global collapse of each Tower by burning through key structural supports in the impact zones. Molten aluminum-thermite reactions could explain the rapid intensification of the fires and the many detonations seen and heard moments before and during the collapse of each Tower. Molten aluminum-thermite explosions - reactions that are quite capable of shattering ceramic or metal molds during aluminum casting - would go a long way to explaining the much-debated pulverization of the WTC concrete.” <1>
I noted to Greening that this explanation would not apply to the 9/11 collapse of WTC 7, since it was not hit by an airplane, and in he agreed:
“Ah yes, the WTC 7 collapse! What can I say…… Since no aircraft hit WTC 7, I have no provable proposal for what brought that building down.”
In reference to my further skepticism that melted aluminum could cause global failure and symmetrical collapse of the Towers, as well as the speed of the collapses, Greening replied:
“I therefore suggest an experimental resolution: The NIST fire tests, which were designed to simulate the conditions in WTC 1 & 2 after the aircraft impacts, should be repeated in a more realistic environment that includes shredded aluminum alloy 2024, crushed concrete and gypsum, water, rusted steel, aviation fuel, plastics, etc.... Then I want to see two thing happen: (i) The fires melt the aluminum, and (ii) The molten aluminum ignite violent, explosive reactions.”
Accordingly, an experienced welder along with students and I conducted such tests on a small scale at BYU, on February 16, 2006. We performed two tests involving approximately 500 g of aluminum alloy 6061 in each test. This alloy is composed of 97.9% Al, 0.6% Si, 0.28% Cu, 1.0% Mg and 0.2% Cr <2> and has a melting point of about 600 C. The aluminum alloy was melted in a steel pan using an oxyacetylene torch. The pan reached red-hot temperatures (about 600 C) during the melting process. We noted that the aluminum retained its silvery appearance throughout the melting process and final heating. Temperatures were monitored with an infrared probe.
TEST 1, Molten Aluminum on rusty steelIn this test, we explored Greening’s hypothesis that molten aluminum alloy would initiate violent thermite reactions when poured onto rusty steel:
“At 50 minutes, molten aluminum forms and starts to flow from the airframe in WTC 2. The molten aluminum re-ignites some of the smoldering fires and rapidly burns through other combustible materials that survived the initial conflagration. Molten aluminum also falls onto concrete, gypsum and rusted steel surfaces inducing violent thermite explosions, dispersing globules of molten metal and igniting new fires. The extreme heat generated by the molten aluminum rapidly weakens already damaged steel columns and trusses in the impact zone causing local slumping and partial collapse.” <1>
Just in case Greening was right, the students and I stood well back from the heated and very rusty angle-iron as Wesley Lifferth poured molten aluminum onto the rusted steel surface (see photos). Lifferth has had considerable experience with aluminum and had never seen “violent thermite” reactions or explosions of any kind while working with molten aluminum, so he was willing to pour the molten aluminum without special precautions.
We observed: nothing much happened. No explosions whatsoever. No “globules of molten metal” were dispersed. No fires, and certainly no melting or warping of the steel member.
We observed that the temperature of the molten aluminum in contact with the pre-heated rusty iron simply cooled at about 25 C per minute until the aluminum solidified, so that any thermite reactions between the aluminum and iron oxide must have been minimal and did not compete with radiative and conductive cooling. When we removed the solidified aluminum alloy from the rusty steel surface, we found that a small percentage of the rust did adhere to the aluminum and may have undergone a reaction, since the color of the adherent metal had changed from orange-red to black indicating reduction. However, no damage to the underlying steel was observed at all. There appears no justification for larger-scale tests on WTC models.
This experiment lends zero support to the notion that molten aluminum in the WTC Towers could have destroyed the enormous steel columns in the core of the buildings.TEST 2, Molten Aluminum on concrete
Greening also predicted that molten aluminum impinging on concrete would initiate violent reactions:
“As previously noted, the combination of water and metal oxide bonding in concrete makes this material very susceptible to explosive reactions in the molten aluminum.” <1>
So we poured molten aluminum onto a concrete cinder block to see whether “explosive reactions” would in fact ensue. They did not. In this case, we formed two “puddles” of molten aluminum, one directly onto the concrete, and the other onto concrete, acrylic plastic, and a piece of aluminum foil which held a fair amount of iron rust extracted from a very rusty iron ball. In both cases, the molten aluminum sat on the surfaces with no “explosive reactions” whatsoever. Instead, the aluminum cooled steadily, suggesting no exothermal chemical reactions were competing with radiative and conductive cooling.
Some water was present in the concrete, which clearly formed steam and then a distinct bubble under the aluminum melt. The rectangular piece of plastic also released gases which formed a separate bubble under the aluminum melt poured over the plastic. The rust was embedded in the aluminum melt (the aluminum foil melted) without showing any “explosive” reaction at all. When the aluminum was removed from the concrete surfaces, we observed a dark pattern on the surface (not deeply etched into the concrete) where the aluminum had been, so there may have been some surface reactions with the concrete. The rectangular piece of plastic left an image which shows where the aluminum did not contact the concrete (photo above).
Conclusions
These experiments do not support the assertion of Greening that molten aluminum in the WTC Towers could have attacked the enormous steel columns (47 core columns and 240 perimeter columns) sufficiently to cause total collapse of these skyscrapers. Further experiments along these lines could be done if serious proposals are suggested.
We also conclude that pre-planted thermate (sulfur added to iron oxide and aluminum powder) is much more likely to have cut through steel-core columns in the Towers and WTC 7 on 9/11 than aluminum melted from the planes and contacting the columns at random places, if at all. The cutting effect of thermite derivatives is well-substantiated and rather routinely used. <3> The use of thermate or thermite would explain the enormous pools of molten metal observed pouring down the rubble immediately following the collapses, and then forming in pools beneath the rubble piles of both Towers AND WTC 7 (where no aluminum-frame plane hit). The use of thermate would also account for the significant sulfidation attack structural members at WTC7 and the Towers. <4> These issues are all treated in a previous paper. <3> The collapse of WTC 7, the molten metal beneath the WTC 7 rubble pile, and the observed sulfidation of structural steel from WTC 7 and the Towers’ rubble piles are very important facts not treated or explained by Greening in his treatise <1>.
References
1. http://www.911myths.com/WTCTHERM.pdf
2. http://www.efunda.com/materials/alloys/aluminum/show_aluminum.cfm?ID=AA_6061∝=all&Page_Title=AA%206061
3. http://www.physics.byu.edu/research/energy/htm7.html
4. Barnett, J. R., Biederman, R.R. and R.D. Sisson, Jr., "An Initial Microstructural Analysis of A36 Steel from WTC Building 7," Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, 53/12:18 (2001), and FEMA WTC report, Appendix C.
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In the most updated version of his "study" (which apparently didn't include actually "studying" dick-all), Greening rebuts Jones... but my guess is if even if Jones crushed a bunch of building materials and threw it on top, the aluminum's heat would just wick away, like studied above.
Frankly, I've seen better movies...
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Myself, I have problems with the "Hijackers" page...
This page is replete with misdirection, omission and strawman hooey. Here are some examples:
Example #1:
"Many of the hijackers were actually trained to fly by the US government"
I've heard that some of the hijackers may have been trained at US military bases. 911myths clarifies;
"Some of the hijackers were trained by the US government, at Pensacola Naval Air Station."
Ok, not "Many", but... "some".
"However, if you look at the original source for this story, a Newsweek article, you'll find some important qualifications."
Uh, yeah. It was reported in Newsweek, The Washington Post, and in a Knight-Ridder wire piece, followed up by The Pensacola News Journal and Daniel Hopsicker who reports this exchange;
We reached a major in the Air Force’s Public Affairs Office who was familiar with the question, she said, because she had read the initial Air Force denial to the media.
“Biographically, they’re not the same people,” she explained to us patiently. “Some of the ages are 20 years off.”
“Some” of the ages? We told her we were only interested in Atta. Was she saying that the age of the Mohamed Atta who attended the Air Force’s International Officer’s School at Maxwell Air Force Base was different from the terrorist Atta’s age as reported?
Um, er, no, the major admitted. Still, she persisted. “Mohamed is a very common name.”
We asked if the registrar of the International Officer’s School might provide us with the name and address of this second Mohamed Atta, so that we might call him and confirm that there were really two Mohamed Atta’s of about the same age pursuing flight training in the U.S. at about the same time.
“I don’t think you’re going to get that information,” the major replied.
Example #2:
"The hijackers reportedly had girlfriends, drank alcohol, went clubbing, not the acts of fundamentalists"
Reportedly? You can say that again;
Filipinos Recall Hijack Suspects Leading a High Life
http://www.iht.com/articles/2001/10/05/clark_ed3_.php
Agents of terror leave their mark on Sin City Las Vegas workers recall the men they can't forget
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2001/10/04/MN102970.DTL
Suspects’ actions don’t add up
http://web.archive.org/web/20010916150533/http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/local/southflorida/sfl-warriors916.story
Top Ten Things You Never Knew About Mohamed Atta
http://www.madcowprod.com/index60bb.html
So, not "reportedly" but, "definitely", from multiple sources.
But, that's ok! 'Cause Atta was Takfir! Sorry, believed to be Takfir.
But, but, Takfiris hate Al Qaeda. They think Osama and co. are a bunch of pussy sell-outs.
So much for that one.
It is incomprehensible that a person could drink and go to a strip bar one night, then kill themselves the next day in the name of Islam. People who would kill themselves for their faith would come from very strict Islamic ideology. Something here does not add up.
- Mahmoud Mustafa Ayoub, Professor of Religion at Temple University in Philadelphia. >>MUSLIM<<
There are scholars who fully disagree with 911myths.com, if you bother to look for them.
Example #3:
"It’s claimed that many of those named as hijackers are still alive"
Yes, yes it is.
Just some silly "name confusion". Yeah, and...
The Saudi Airlines pilot, Saeed Al-Ghamdi, 25, and Abdulaziz Al-Omari, an engineer from Riyadh, are furious that the hijackers' "personal details" - including name, place, date of birth and occupation - matched their own. - Revealed: the men with stolen identities
Yeah. "Name confusion".
Example #4:
"The planes were flown to their targets by remote control, not hijackers"
"Can these planes really be controlled remotely?"
Uhm, yeah. The technology to fly full-sized Boeing jets via remote control has been around for ages. Ages, I say.
Example #5:
"The final list of bodies identified from Flight 77 shows there were no hijackers aboard"
Not only is the title misleading, but their rationalization is such a complete and utter mutilation of the original article that it must be read to be believed.
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911myths.com is not, not, I say, a "debunking" site. It is pro-official spin, as partial as the business-end of Dick Cheney's 28 gauge shotgun.
Cite at your peril.
Here is the antidote to all of the above HIJACKER HOKUM.
Nafeez Ahmed - Subverting "Terrorism"