http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/middle_east/jan-june07/natguard_02-22.html">National Guard Troops Face Early Redeployment to Iraq, February 22, 2007
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RAY SUAREZ: Now, what was the most recent policy of the Bush administration regarding how long it would be between overseas deployments for units like the ones that are being told to be ready to go back?
DAVID CLOUD: The policy for several years, since the Iraq invasion, has been that, for Guard and Reserve units, they were supposed to be deployed for 24 months every five years, no more than 24 months every five years. That was scraped in January when the president announced his surge plan, his plan to send more reinforcements to Iraq.
They acknowledged at the time that essentially the deployments had gone on so long in Iraq and Afghanistan that there was no way they could live up to those promises anymore. And they've come up with a new set of rules, which essentially say, "We will send you for one year, a maximum of one year, every five years." But in doing so, they've wiped away the previous service so that any unit is now eligible to go back for another year to Iraq or Afghanistan.
RAY SUAREZ: So for these time totals, we're starting from scratch, we're starting from square one?
DAVID CLOUD: That's correct.
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RAY SUAREZ: Well, help me understand the relationship between these units being asked to go back next year and the year after with the president's intention to increase the number of troops deployed in Iraq. We were told that it would peak by the end of this year and that it would be temporary. Does this mean that that surge could go on a lot longer?
DAVID CLOUD: There's no definitive answer to that yet. Commanders have said the surge will go on, and they'll look at conditions at the end of the summer and decide whether the 21,500 troop increase could come down at that time.
So, in effect, what the Pentagon is doing is preparing for the possibility that they will need this elevated number of troops next year by alerting these Guard units now that they might have to go.
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RAY SUAREZ: One term that keeps popping up in these discussions of unit strength and Guard deployments is Swiss cheese units. What are Swiss cheese units?
DAVID CLOUD: This is a term that's kind of come into vogue in the last year or so. Swiss cheese units are Guard units that have had individual members sent over to Iraq, and therefore been left at under-strength because individuals, and sometimes in large numbers, have gone over, but the whole unit hasn't.
And that's left units with some people who are eligible to go, others who aren't eligible to go, some with -- it also applies to equipment. Some equipment has gone; some has stayed. So you have -- essentially, it's a term that refers to the under-strength Guard units, many of which are prevalent around the country in many states now.
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RAY SUAREZ: Now, what has been the situation with attracting, recruiting, and training new members of the Guards and Reserves? People close to the situation have been saying the Iraq and Afghan wars have been very rough on those institutions. Are people still signing up in their hometowns?
DAVID CLOUD: They are signing up. The numbers aren't as good as for the active forces. The active forces are exceeding their goals in virtually every category. The reserve forces aren't, but the shortfalls aren't dramatic.
I mean, the concern in some ways is the concern of commanders that I talked to, particularly of units that are in this category of potentially going next year, is that, between now and then, Guard members who are eligible to retire, whose enlistments are up, may not re-enlist, and that they will then be forced to find replacements for them, you know, before they go.
RAY SUAREZ: Can they be compelled to stay in service like regular forces can?
DAVID CLOUD: They can. This concept of stop-loss, which the Pentagon can impose on Guard members to stop them from getting out, if they are scheduled to -- if they are mobilized. Again, it's a technical thing, but there are ways that the Pentagon can prevent members from getting out.
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This is a disgrace to our country and our people. * has intentionally increased our vulnerabilities both at home and abroad, to feed his lust for war and greed for power, money and control.
So he sends our families off to die.