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papau Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Mar-30-06 03:57 PM
Original message
Does anyone disagree with Dr. Harold G. Koenig (Duke Univ) on science's
ability to study religion?

"Dr. Harold G. Koenig, director of the Center for Spirituality, Theology and Health at the Duke University Medical Center, who did not take part in the study, said the results did not surprise him."There are no scientific grounds to expect a result and there are no real theological grounds to expect a result either," he said. Science, he said, "is not designed to study the supernatural."

http://www.cnn.com/2006/HEALTH/03/30/prayer.study.ap/index.html

Study: Prayer doesn't affect heart patients

Thursday, March 30, 2006; Posted: 2:26 p.m. EST (19:26 GMT)

NEW YORK (AP) -- In the largest study of its kind, researchers found that having people pray for heart bypass surgery patients had no effect on their recovery.
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Lerkfish Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Mar-30-06 04:11 PM
Response to Original message
1. not faulting the study, but it appears based on the premise that prayer
is a negotiation for a desired result. Instead, its a meditative recalibration of the person's inner strength, if they so believe, or a balm to their sorrows or anxieties.

I think the study mistakenly set itself up to make a correlation between prayer and outcome of surgery, when a better determinant would be skills of the surgeon. :)

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wtbymark Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Mar-30-06 04:12 PM
Response to Original message
2. I don't believe science has the ability or appetition to study
religion. But philosophy does.
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squarepants Donating Member (61 posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Mar-30-06 04:19 PM
Response to Reply #2
3. Hmmm, interesting...
Haven't there been case studies where it's been said that prayer HAS helped patients? Don't know if the cases were accurate, though. I suppose it could very well be possible though.
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TalkingDog Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Mar-30-06 04:26 PM
Response to Original message
4. I agree with him in the terms he has set forth. However....
I don't agree that the supernatural can't be studied. We simply haven't developed the proper line of questioning with which to do it.

Clarke said: "Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic."

If we look at the supernatural as a type of advanced technology we don't understand, what is missing is a framework within which to deconstruct it.

It may be a futile attempt, but I'm up for the exploration. Who knows where it might lead?
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papau Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Mar-30-06 06:05 PM
Response to Reply #4
5. All great responses - thanks everyone - and yes some studies
indicate a positive response to prayer - but what does that mean? When we pray we are not making a deal with God, nor are we expecting God to do other than his will. Miracles would not be miracles if we could just call them up at will via a prayer.

I thought it a very poorly designed study.
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treegiver Donating Member (127 posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Mar-30-06 06:14 PM
Response to Reply #5
6. Poorly designed?
How? I've seen this exact thing "in the wild" again and again. Requests for mass intercessory prayer are common.

BTW, sorry about the "Study: ..." thread here. I didn't realize this was about the same thing. Didn't mean to step on your topic.
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papau Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 03:33 PM
Response to Reply #6
16. No problem - and as to study design, I do not know anyone who has
a design of a study that will show any non-believer that their belief has some effect that science can measure, or that would prove to a believer that it is all a bunch of hokum.

Science can not study this topic - no big deal, but any attempt to do such a study results in a poorly designed waste of money and time experiment.

I said and say this about the studies that came back with positive results for the effect of prayer, and I say the same for this study which shows no results for the effect of prayer.

Indeed whoever wrote the standard prayer (as if we have to have a standard because we use magic words!!! LOL :-) ) for this experiment and had the folks say "I pray for no complications" is someone, I suspect, who has rarely prayed.
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Zebedeo Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 11:04 PM
Response to Reply #16
31. I had the same thought
whoever wrote the standard prayer (as if we have to have a standard because we use magic words!!! LOL ) for this experiment and had the folks say "I pray for no complications" is someone, I suspect, who has rarely prayed.


I am sure your suspicion is correct.
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varkam Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 12:10 AM
Response to Reply #5
12. Here's something it says right in the news report....
"Experts called it the largest and best-designed study ever to test the medical effects of intercessory prayers — praying on behalf of someone else."

How you drew very poorly designed from that, I may never know....
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papau Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 03:38 PM
Response to Reply #12
17. See above - we disagree on the existence of experts that know how
to use science to study religion. perhaps.

But if this study result is useful to you - then whatever floats your boat is great!''Have a nice weekend.

:toast:

:-)
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varkam Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 03:51 PM
Response to Reply #17
21. I think, given your objections
that saying the study is 'poorly designed' is a bit disengenuous. Refering to the study's design to discredit the results implies that you're objecting on scientific grounds. You seem to be objecting on a more pre-empirical or philosophical ground (i.e. to say that science cannot study theological claims).

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papau Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 04:28 PM
Response to Reply #21
22. I am an agnostic in this "can science study religion" debate - I do not
think it is possible, no one has shown me a path to a possible experiment, but perhaps it can be done.

If it can be done, this was a poor design.

If it can not be done, the design does not matter and calling it a poorly designed study is indeed a bit disingenuous.

At a more basic level, obviously theological claims as to some religious action that can be measured affecting some physical outcome that can also be measured could be put into a great experimental design- and therefore studied by science.

I just do not know of such a theological claim.

My statement calling it "poor design" does not preclude my also feeling, on a pre-empirical or philosophical ground, that this experiment was a stupid idea.

:-)
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varkam Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 06:46 PM
Response to Reply #22
27. Not to sound antagonistic, but...
if science cannot study religion, if observation of our natural surroundings cannot give credence to or discredit theological claims....than what reason to people have for believing in such claims? Because they were told they were true since they were small children? Because their parents believed as well? Any ideas?

If it can be done, then perhaps, as an expert yourself, you could enlighten me to why the study was very poorly designed. By the way, the other "experts" who said the study was well designed were not saying it's free of methodological flaws and confounds, no study is. They were saying that it was better designed and larger than previous studies on the topic (i.e. ones that have shown a positive impact of prayer).

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papau Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 10:05 PM
Response to Reply #27
29. science cannot study religion - religion is not something you measure or
Edited on Fri Mar-31-06 10:06 PM by papau
an object that you observe - IMHO.

I do not consider myself an expert in experimental design - but this - IMHO - did not require a great deal of expertize in order to rightly conclude that it was a stupid design. I am not impressed with tests of magic words, or tests of someone else's ability to bring a curse or blessing to me when I know nothing of the other person and the other person knows nothing about me. For me the relationship of the person praying to their God and to me and to my prayers to my God are the important things in this prayer concept - and indeed my life experiences indicate that prayers do seem to be answered in one way or another. But that feeling, that interpretation of a life experience, is considered invalid by the non-religious. and everyone is entitled to their own opinion.

As to the actual design, it was quite similar to prior stupidly designed experiments that tried to show that prayer was measurably effective in accomplishing whatever they chose to measure.

This experiment is "better" because it had more folks involved, and it tried to compare the pre-knowledge effect of "you ARE being prayed for" versus "you might be having someone pray for you" while holding constant the words used in the prayer as if they were magic words. And as an extra result to report on, the prayer added to "get well" the magic of "have no complications". I have never heard anyone say or recall saying or suggest saying a prayer for "no complications". But I am sure it added to the great design of the experiment.

I do not read your posts as antagonistic, but I believe you will agree we have beaten this dead horse enough - and if you feel this was a great experiment, or that this proved prior reported effects of prayer experiments "wrong", we will just have to agree to disagree.

and I have no problem with doing that! :-)
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varkam Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Apr-01-06 01:42 AM
Response to Reply #29
35. So that means your not agnostic, then?
At least not when it comes to science examining theological claims. Perhaps I'm misreading "science is not something you measure or an object you can observe - IMHO". The design was decent, perhaps the conceptual framework of the study was stupid - that seems to be more or less what you're objecting to, at least from what I'm taking to be your meaning.

And, not to say that you're at all wrong, but those of us who are interested in science are also interested in alternative explanations - and more specifically, ruling those out. A good scientist is one who always accepts the null hypothesis (there is no effect) before ample evidence to the contrary presents itself. For example, you say that there are many instances in your life when prayers have been answered - perhaps it's that you remember the times when you prayed for something that came true and do not remember the times you prayed for something and nothing at all happened. Selective memory is a powerful thing - it's why we generally think all old people are slow and why we think people do crazy things on full moons. We see an old person paying in pennies at the supermarket and that reinforces our schema, or world-view. I think it could be similar with prayer - we pray for things that sometimes get answered. If we believe prayer does result in beneficial results, then when those do eventually happen (and by the law of probability, they will if you pray enough) those results will reinforce our view that prayer works. Again, not to say you're wrong, just offering a possible alternative explanation.

I do not feel that this was a "great" experiment. I don't think it was "very poorly designed" either. Perhaps the subject material is a bit silly, but I figure if theological claims can in no way manifest themselves in our physical universe, then perhaps it's a bit silly to believe in them. That's why I like to take the stance that religion and theological claims should be subject to the same standards as any other claim.

Additionally, I don't think that this experiment "proved" anything. I think this experiment is evidence to the notion that there might not be anyone on the other end of the line, so to speak. It takes numerous scientific studies to bolster a claim to the point where it is generally accepted, and even then all it takes is one study that fails to replicate those results to call the theory back into question. If every study done on the topic showed that prayer had no effect whatsoever, then I'd say there's pretty good evidence that no one is listening - but I still wouldn't say anything was "proved".

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papau Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Apr-01-06 11:07 AM
Response to Reply #35
37. I agree :-) - if every good, well designed, thoughtful, study shows the
same result, the result is well on its way to being "proved".

But I have not seen the first such study. The subject material is not silly, but it also not understood by the designer of the experiment we are discussing. If and when it is understood the scientist will understand that an experiment can not be designed to test the subject. "No way manifest themselves in our physical universe" for you is my "no way manifest themselves in a measurable cause and effect way in our physical universe". But then Quantum Mechanics is leaving the world of observable cause and effect these days, so perhaps "Science" is the new religion? Just having a bit fun there so don't get angry. But I really do not see how science can measure religion.

At least that is my opinion.

:-)

:toast:
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varkam Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Apr-01-06 05:09 PM
Response to Reply #37
38. But come on...
If theological forces can in "no way manifest themselves in a measurable cause and effect way in our physical universe", then aren't theists saying "Well, this is how we think our existence is - but we have absolutely no reason to think that. We're basically just talking out of our ass."

Even *I* don't think that's the case with theists, and I'm a pretty militant atheist. God is supposed to be ever present in our lives, correct? If that's the case, then surely there's some way that we can measure his / her / it's effects on our existence. To say that God or other theological forces act on our existence, but there's no possible way of examining or observing them smacks of fraud to me. It seems just as plausible in that sense, to me at least, that there is no God.
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papau Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sun Apr-02-06 08:36 AM
Response to Reply #38
41. we disagree - any effect that can be measured can and will be seen
by the atheist as random.

You will always end with the belief you started with - so the experiment is pointless.

The only experiment the atheist would accept as proof is the theist phoning in a request to God, and God then doing the request over the next 5 minutes - and even then the atheist would assert that it was random.

God is ever present in our lives - but the atheist does not think on what that really means, IMHO (now there is an opening for you to demand 25 pages on what it really means to a theist for God to be in their life).

By the way, doing R/T posts on DU is not my full time job, so please do not feel I am dis'ing you if I let a thread die with no responce to your last few posts. Most atheists on DU seem to feel that situation is a "win" for atheism, and perhaps I can make your day by giving you a few such "wins". In any case please do not be offended if I am off DU - or off R/T - for days at a time, or that I leave thread questions unanswered.

In any case it is Sunday, and we are off to Church.
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opiate69 Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Mar-30-06 08:55 PM
Response to Original message
7. ...
This is so laughable. I mean, what about the control groups? Do you contact every friend and family member to make sure that NOBODY is praying for them at all? What about the people doing the praying? Are they putting their all into it? What denomination are they? What if some of them are doing it wrong, or not long enough?

What a fucking crock. It is difficult for me to believe that this crap can get funded or published.
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treegiver Donating Member (127 posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Mar-30-06 09:30 PM
Response to Reply #7
8. You seemingly didn't read the article.
You should. It would answer some of the more reasonable questions you posed.
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papau Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 03:39 PM
Response to Reply #7
18. I agree opiate69 - there is no experimental design that would "work"
Edited on Fri Mar-31-06 03:47 PM by papau
:-(
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Goblinmonger Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Mar-30-06 09:36 PM
Response to Original message
9. Oh, man
I am an English teacher, so I will leave the more technical answers for the scientists, but my understanding is that science doesn't give a good fuck about the supernatural. If it is something that can be verified, science will do that. If it can't be verified, it doesn't exist.

Therefore, science is not designed to study the supernatural because it doesn't exist. I know that will piss a lot of people off, but how do we prove existence if not through the scientific method. If there were any studies that proved the supernatural, it would no longer be the supernatural.

Old Ole and his clan used to think that thunder was the hammer of thor. It was supernatural. Now we know better. No more supernatural.

Plus, the other problem I have with people who advocate the supernatural is this old canard, "Sometimes god just says no." Nice answer to prayer not working. Pretty much makes the old double blind impossible now, doesn't it.
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TalkingDog Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Mar-30-06 10:17 PM
Response to Reply #9
10. You seem to be linking supernatural soley with miracles and prayer.
I mean it in the strictest sense of the word: beyond the natural.

Until the early 20th Century most scientists were adamant that there were no such things as meteors or meteroites. The earth's atmosphere, they claimed, was impenetrable, otherwise the planet could not survive solar winds, radiations and etc.

When people claimed that hot rocks or chunks or rocks fell from the sky, scientist would counter that:

1) The person was mistaken. (yes, they did that THEN too)
2) The rock did, indeed, fall from the sky (aka: fafrotsky the Fortean term for it)but was merely ejecta from an active volcano somewhere on the planet that was carried by the jet stream, or what ever mechanism they chose, and dropped it in the person's path.

There are volumes of strange occurances on this planet. Some of of them explainable by way of rare, but natural occurances. Some are misperceptions or honest mistakes by well meaning people. But there is a sturdy batch which remain wholly unexplainable and/or unexplained. And they may remain so. Because scientists who stray to far from the strict fundamenalist dogma that is scientific enquiry are often banished to the fringes.

In the 18th and 19th Centuries a scientist could study natural science and alchemy (outside the perview of the Church of course) and still have his ideas considered to be seriously by other scientists. No longer. Now scientists cannot evince one shred of interest in a "fringe" or Fortean subject.

I, for one, think science needs to yank it's bunched up panties out of it's collective crack and lighten up a bit. I'm not saying present it as mainstream science or even good science. I'm saying offer it as an exploration of an idea and let peer review do it's damnedest.



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Orrex Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Mar-30-06 10:46 PM
Response to Reply #10
11. I thought that knowledge of meteorites predated the 20th c. by quite a bit
Edited on Thu Mar-30-06 10:51 PM by Orrex
James Burke discussed it specifically in "The Day The Universe Changed," though I haven't seen it recently enough to recall the exact time.

Anyway, you're mischaracterizing the supernatural as it pertains to an infinite entity. If this "God" fellow exists as described, then he's certainly got the wherewithal to totally foul up a scientific study, and he can even do it invisibly and undetectably. Therefore, any experiment purporting to prove God's existence (even via a proxy such as prayer) is doomed to fail simply because it's nonfalsifiable. End of experiment.

All that nonsense about "Commonplace Item X used to be considered impossible" misses the point, by the way. Allegedly supernatural phenomena have been extensively studied, and to date not a single case has been borne out through controlled experiment. If you can find me even one case in which the allegedly supernatural phenomenon was verified through scientific experiment, I would be most grateful for the enlightenment.

Likewise, it's not useful to claim that scientists in the good ol' days could seek the philosopher's stone and still be respected, because the practical implications of the scientific method was still being hammered out. Pasteur's work all by itself shows us how primitive were the rigors of controlled observation. And it's hardly a strong argument to claim that, because we're not as ignorant as we once were, we therefore know less now than we did back then.

Because scientists who stray to far from the strict fundamenalist dogma that is scientific enquiry are often banished to the fringes.

They're not "banished" because they pursued controversial experiments. Instead, their ideas are rejected if they do not hold up under scrutiny. And if those scientists persist in their unverified claims, perhaps bolstering them with additional unverified claims, then the scientists may themselves become discredited. But that's not because they defied Science Dogma. It's because they engaged in consistedly bad methodology.

Also, if a debunked claim is put forth repeatedly, it needn't be seriously considered unless its new formulation is sufficiently different from its debunked predecessor. That's why we don't have to test Sylvia Browne, James van Praagh, or John Edward, because their claims of "talking to the dead" are identical to those that were debunked decades ago.

DU is positively infested with a paranoid fantasy about the hegemonic Secret Masters of Science, such as the ones who forcibly inject pure mercury into everyone's veins and who conspire to suppress the agents of truth such as Hulda Clark and Kevin Trudeau. Any time a wild and unsubstantiated claim is not embraced, its proponents here at DU cry "you're closed-minded, and your science is your religion." It gets quite tiresome after the thousandth time around the track, so please let's try to reach beyond the "panties in the crack" accusations.
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TalkingDog Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 04:48 PM
Response to Reply #11
23. Oooo…fun…where to begin?
Edited on Fri Mar-31-06 04:54 PM by TalkingDog
“Anyway, you're mischaracterizing the supernatural as it pertains to an infinite entity. If this "God" fellow exists as described, then he's certainly got the wherewithal to totally foul up a scientific study, and he can even do it invisibly and undetectably. Therefore, any experiment purporting to prove God's existence (even via a proxy such as prayer) is doomed to fail simply because it's nonfalsifiable. End of experiment.”

Ummm…you talkin’ to me? Surely not. I only mentioned prayer and miracles in my subject line. The rest of my obviously unread posting dealt with phenomena outside normal experience. You know, like EM fields, which were considered impossible until quite recently. But to be completely fair, they were only considered perinormal, rather than paranormal. The difference being: scientists deny them both, but are more adamant in their denial of paranormal phenomena

But nevertheless scientist, in all their wisdom, denied that EM Fields could exist…until it was proved that they could.

I could list endless anecdotes about current scientific orthodoxy and the hard evidence that contradicts that orthodoxy, but I’ll just offer a couple as an appetizer:

Mainstream Zoology insists that manta rays have only one type of body marking. Dr. Karl Shuker on the other hand has photographic and first hand written documentation dating back to 1934 to suggest otherwise. Yet over 70 years later, they still cling to the one body pattern dogma. Why? I mean, what does it matter if they have white stripes, patches or blotches?

www.elasmodiver.com/Manta_ray.htm




Instead, this exploration is relegated to the realm of cryptozoology. A FRINGE science full of kooks and pseudo-scientists.

Another fringe notion that has crossed over into the mainstream is in the field of archeology. The idea of Archeoastology was once relegated to the peyote-eating hippies of the 1960’s. But over the last 30 years this field has gained academic respectability through patient and honest scientific inquiry.

That scientists can fall prey to fundamentalists views can be evidenced by Stephen Weinburg’s assertion in his NY Times article that once we have the TOE (theory of everything) people will stop reading their horoscopes. WTF? So, once we KNOW the TRUTH people will leave this pagan superstition and come to the unchanging eternal TRUTH of TOE? Give me a break. If that’s not fundamental thinking, what is? And although I love Stephen Hawking, the man misunderstood Wittgenstein. Hawkings has the idea that science is “completeable.” That we can have a TOE. If you’ve read Godel (and understand him) he makes it very clear that mathematics are not completeable and hence, logically, never entirely understandable.

As for scientists who are trammeled for having alternative opinions, (or as you suggest, shoody methodology) I turn you to Bjorn Lomborg a Danish statistician and professor at the U. of Aarhus in Denmark. Mr. Lomborg claims in his 2001 book The Skeptical Environmentalist that, contrary to popular belief, the earth is in better shape than it has been in years and global warming is overblown. He provided extensive footnotes, over 2900, in his work.

Mr. Lomborg, as you can imagine, was not met with measured criticism of his work. In the Scientific American article, which ran 11 pages, the 4 scientists (who found Mr. Lomborg’s work to be “fundamentally wrong”) reviewing the work were anything but unbiased and measured in their response. 2 of the four had been directly cited in Lomborg’s book for inaccurate predictions on resource deficiencies. Hardly an impartial panel. He was accused of being out of his field and out of his depth. And he was also accused of misusing data and a poor understanding of science without any convincing demonstration of proof of those assertions.

In other journals he was likened to a Holocaust denier and trashed repeatedly with ad hominem attacks and an eventual inquiry by the Danish Committee on Scientific Dishonesty which ruled his book “objectively dishonest” and “clearly contrary to the standards of good scientific practice.”- a ruling they later overturned after acknowledging it as baseless.

Stephen Budainsky, a former Nature editor, suggested that Lomborg was subject to alarmists to respond to valid scientific objections with red herrings such as “counting the number of footnotes cited by their critics, disparaging their critics’ credentials and misrepresenting their views”- everything, in short, but dealing honestly with the evidence presented, whether they agree with its assertions or not.

Another prominent scientist who was obviously using horrible methodology, apparent by his censure and shunning by his colleges, was John Mack.

From the Wikipedia entry on Mr. Mack.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Mack

In 1994 the Dean of Harvard Medical School appointed a committee of peers to review Mack's clinical care and clinical investigation of the people who had shared their alien encounters with him (some of their cases were written of in Mack's 1994 book Abduction). Mack described this investigation as "Kafkaesque:" Mack never quite knew the status of ongoing investigation, and the nature of his critics' complaints shifted frequently, as most of their accusations against him fell apart when closely scrutinized.

After fourteen months of inquiry, there were growing questions from the academic community (including Harvard Professor of Law Alan Dershowitz) regarding the validity of Harvard's investigation of a tenured professor who was not suspected of ethics violations or professional misconduct. Harvard then issued a statement stating that the Dean had "reaffirmed Dr. Mack's academic freedom to study what he wishes and to state his opinions without impediment," concluding "Dr. Mack remains a member in good standing of the Harvard Faculty of Medicine." (Mack was censured for some relatively minor methodological errors.) He had received legal help from Danniel Sheehan and the support of Laurance Rockefeller, who also funded Mack's Center for four consecutive years <1> at $250,000 per year.

Let’s turn to parapsychology and your claim that no scientific evidence has been found supporting it: At the Koestler Foundation in Edinburg at British University, under Chair Bob Morris between 1993 and 2003, six of 9 major experimental studies produced statistically significant results. Targ’s work on Remote Viewing in California also produced consistent statistically significant results. And like the Sanford Research Institute noted further down, BU had stage magicians helping them guard against possible trickery.

When asked if he personally believed in telepathy, Morris replied that he was just a researcher. Adding that there was accumulating evidence that it does occur.

This has been suggested by a number of studies and authors. Like Dean Radin who wrote The Conscious Universe. He says that scientific evidence for telepathy has been accruing for decades. Radin notes that a meta-analysis of all ganzfeld telepathy experiments up to 1997 reveal a probability of a MILLION BILLION to 1. That’s somewhat less that Bush’s contribution to the national debt, but I’m sure you can’t argue that it is insignificant.

“DU is positively infested with a paranoid fantasy about the hegemonic Secret Masters of Science, such as the ones who forcibly inject pure mercury into everyone's veins and who conspire to suppress the agents of truth such as Hulda Clark and Kevin Trudeau”

In response to this I will have to admit, I am not a skeptic. In my opinion skeptics are much too dogmatic.

As Nietzsche suggested: 'There is no better soporific and sedative than skepticism. Skeptics work very, very hard to prove somebody wrong, instead of keeping an open mind about what the person may have discovered that potentially has some merit. However, as I hope I have proved, I don’t just accept everything with an absolutely open mind and at face value. I am a Fortean. Like a skeptic, but with an actual ability to think critically and the self-awareness that I don’t and can’t know absolutely everything. Ummm..and to be honest, I’ve heard Clark’s name mentioned, but have no idea who K. Trudeau is.

Let me offer James Randi’s, founder of SICOP work with Targ at the Stanford Research Institute as a case in point as to why I shy away from skepticism. Mr. Targ’s makes the claim in his book, that Mr. Randi fudged the numbers on a few data sets from Remote Viewing experiments that Mr. Randi insisted on participating in. Now, Mr. Randi is not a shrinking violet, prone to accepting any old libelous remarks made regarding his integrity, yet he has never challenged Mr. Targ or asked for a retraction of this assertion. Does lack of proof constitute proof? Well, no. But we are not talking statistics here, we are talking human psychology. Mr. Randi is so rabidly anti-paranormal, that the very idea that he would threaten his own work by changing data to suit his own ends seems to cry out for redress.

I suppose if the Amazing Randi had been at BU to help fudge the numbers so that the experiments fell to his favor, I wouldn’t have any current studies to quote…

And as an interesting side note, Mr. Randi, perhaps because he does know how easy it is to switch a number here and there, won’t accept statistical evidence in his famed “Million Dollar Prize” for proof of paranormal ability. The ultimate skeptic won’t accept scientific results. That, DU comrade, is too incredibly rich. But he did suggest that if he did accept scientific studies, he would insist on checking the findings with his own statistician…but only to be sure the math was done correctly. Indeed.

And now for the biggest bug-a-bear UFO’s:

http://www.cufon.org/cufon/robert.htm

In 1953, the CIA convened what is usually referred to as "The Robertson Panel," an official investigation into the nature and military significance of the UFO phenomenon. Their report remained secret for a long time, but was eventually made public.

In it, they concluded that the real threat posed to the United States by the phenomenon came not from the flying saucers, but from the public's hysteria over UFO sightings, and the CIA's fear that a foreign power might use that hysteria to mask a military attack against our shores. This was the height of the cold war.

What makes the Robertson Panel report so significant is that, following this conclusion, the Panel gave specific recommendations for how to debunking UFO sighting and extraterrestrial contact claims across the board. As well as advice on how to promote the public ridicule of UFO witnesses and of the phenomenon as a whole.

This "shoot the messenger" message became government policy, and was quickly adopted by the Press, as well. It became impossible to talk publicly about sightings, contacts or anything at all related to UFOs without adding that smirking "he, he, he" at the end that to this day poisons UFO-related news stories on the rare occasions they get reported at all my major media outlets. Everything about UFOs and the hope for extraterrestrial contact became "kooky," "weird," the stuff of comic books and crackpots.

Scientists backed away and refused to even look at seemingly hard evidence like photographs, let alone claims of telepathic communication. It was all presumed, in advance and without evidence, to be a grand hoax, a con game perpetrated on a gullible public. Ufology became a fringe counterculture and, outside this "UFO Ghetto," serious public inquiry into the very much continuing phenomena pretty much stopped.

We now know that the government secretly kept investigating and civilian groups like APRO and NICAP came together to try to win back the field's respectability, but even to this day, they have been largely unsuccessful. Ufology is not a "science," it is "the paranormal." Why? Because the Robertson Panel said so.

Their report was the seminal event in the silencing of serious inquiry into Human/ET contact. That may not have been the CIA's direct intention, they were thinking of National Security and all that, I'm sure, but it was their major long-term effect. And not only was serious public inquiry shut down, a long campaign of ridicule, debunking and confusion through disinformation, character assassination and infiltration of UFO groups and organizations began.

“Any time a wild and unsubstantiated claim is not embraced, its proponents here at DU cry "you're closed-minded, and your science is your religion."

Well, if the fundy shoe fits…..


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Orrex Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 05:19 PM
Response to Reply #23
25. Here's the bottom line
Edited on Fri Mar-31-06 05:20 PM by Orrex
The difference between EM fields prior-to-discovery and Psi energy or whatever hocus-pocus you care to mention is that people weren't running around believing in EM or claiming, a la "chi-sensitive" folks, that only an "attuned mind" can perceive it. Instead, EM fields were not accepted because the equipment for demonstrating their existence simply didn't exist in any standardized, usable form. Does that really seem, to you, to be the same as someone who claims that two pounds of brain can detect magical energies wholly invisible to any and all electronic equipment?

“Any time a wild and unsubstantiated claim is not embraced, its proponents here at DU cry "you're closed-minded, and your science is your religion."

Well, if the fundy shoe fits…..


I see--so you have nothing more to bring to this discussion than "but you really, really are being religious."

Sorry, but I'm not interested in making you understand what a religion is and why science isn't one. I have the sense that, even if presented with ironclad evidence, you still won't accept it.

You claim with odd pride that you're not a skeptic, which I take to mean that you're proudly gullible. That's your business, but I'm not going to bother screwing your head on straight for you.
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TalkingDog Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 07:02 PM
Response to Reply #25
28. I won't deny your assertion re: PSI and EMF
But to be very factual, there were some people who claimed to be hyper-sensitive to EM fields. To the point of becoming ill....before they were "discovered"......

But nevertheless....

I offered points, illustrations and responses to your responses, but all you can do in return is bristle at a small jibe at the end of alllllll that text? What, no considered review of each point? No studies to refute my stated studies? How unscientific.

I NEVER ONCE asserted that science and religion are the same thing...you really do need to read my posts. In fact, I clearly state at the beginning of BOTH my posts that I am not talking about religion, but about abnormal or paranormal events removed from spirituality.

Religion is a belief system (as is science in my and other philosopher's assertions. Faith by it's nature cannot be proven (neither can theories). I well understand the difference. It is you who keep desperately trying to conflate them as something I am asserting.

I am not a skeptic, neither am I a "believer". If you will read my post (really, give it go), I did quite thoroughly explain that point. I am a more open-minded version of a skeptic. A Fortean. And that label I do wear with pride.

The ability to think critically, even if it makes one an iconoclast is more important that being "right" IMHO.
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TalkingDog Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Apr-01-06 01:13 AM
Response to Reply #25
32. On further consideration, I now retract my agreement re: PSI and EMF
And I'll tell you why: Because some dogs can smell cancer cells.

"(only an)....attuned mind" can perceive it. Instead, EM fields were not accepted because the equipment for demonstrating their existence simply didn't exist in any standardized, usable form. Does that really seem, to you, to be the same as someone who claims that two pounds of brain can detect magical energies wholly invisible to any and all electronic equipment?"

And I will make this assertion in the terms of your argument stated above.

Now before we begin, I must point out (yet again) that this recent "discovery" that dogs can smell cancer or sense an impending epileptic seizure or dangerous diabetic episode was firmly in the La-la fringe column before scientists decided it was "real".

When the fringe-y doctors who first believed their poor, superstitious, ignorant patients when they said their dogs kept nudging the very spot where they had a cancer came across the phenomenon...of course they were pooh-poohed. Time passed.......Eventually somebody devised a series of double blind test (why, yes, I do know what they are and how they work) to put the dogs through their paces.

As it turned out SOME dogs can detect cancer with over 80% accuracy. But not all dogs. I'm making an important point here so pay attention: SOME dogs, but not ALL dogs seem to be able to detect cancer with a fairly high accuracy rate. Now, you notice I'm NOT saying that the non-detecting dogs don't smell the cancer. We have no way of knowing that. They may not smell it. They may not have the sensitivity to smell it. On the other hand, they may smell it but not recognize it for what it is. Or their brains may not be able to process the information in the same way as the detecting dogs.

Now replace the word cancer with the word PSI and/or EMF and the word dogs with the word people.

Scientists seem to be willing to admit that some dogs have sensitivities to things that scientists themselves cannot even detect using their oh-so-godlike machines (an impending epileptic seizure or diabetic episode)In spite of the fact dogs have brains that measure in ounces, not pounds. But neither you nor scientists in general are willing to admit that mere humans might have similar abilities. Ones that we cannot yet measure (much as we cannot measure impending epileptic episodes...up to a couple of hours in advance with one dog)

And since we can't devise a test for it, it obviously does not exist right? Except that DOGS can consistently DETECT things that MACHINES cannot. So, in this case, do we deny the existence of: dogs, epileptics, cancer or scientists?
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TalkingDog Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Apr-01-06 01:25 AM
Response to Reply #11
34. See Post # 33 and BOW BEFORE YOUR MASTER!!!!!
Okay...see, now, that was supposed to be funny. You science types have absolutely no sense of humor.

And yes, I'll admit I was off by 30 or 40 years.

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sutz12 Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 03:22 PM
Response to Reply #10
15. Huh?
>>Until the early 20th Century most scientists were adamant that there were no such things as meteors or
>>meteroites. The earth's atmosphere, they claimed, was impenetrable, otherwise the planet could not survive
>>solar winds, radiations and etc.

Where did that come from? Most kinds of radiation other than visible light were not even heard of before the 20th Century. I believe 'solar wind' is a 20th Century label, unknown to 19th Century astronomers. How would they know it was even there?

The Jet stream? Good gravy, people didn't know about that until the Japanese discovered it during WWII.

How would they surmise the 'atmosphere....was impervious'? when they passed through it in their day-to-day activities, and noted how it passed around obstacles such as buildings, trees, and the sails of ships. If the atmosphere was 'impervious' to falling rocks, etc., how could a child throw a ball?

If there was doubt about meteors, etc, it was probably because they didn't realize that there were rocks out there that small. 'Falling stars' are hardly a modern phenomenon. But until the advent of newer, more accurate telescopes, nobody could see things smaller than a continent out in space.

>>I'm saying offer it as an exploration of an idea and let peer review do it's damnedest.

It seems to me that this is what is happening. But anything to do with the supernatural, including religious concepts like Creationism and ID always fail to pass peer review. I know a lot of people of faith think it is based on some kind of prejudice, but I disagree. Put up real scientific evidence and write it up like a real scientific treatise and it will pass review.

The 'volumes of strange occurances' you like to quote all have one thing in common. They are all based on eyewitness accounts with no physical evidence. I think you've been subscribing to some urban myths, man.
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TalkingDog Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 05:04 PM
Response to Reply #15
24. Look, I'll admit I pulled that out of a very foggy memory.
The the nut of it is still substantial. All evidence to the contrary, astronomers denied the existence of meteors or meteorites until long after they should have. They did it because of scientific fundamentalism and because it contradicted their world view.

Kinda like the whole earth around the sun, round planet thing....

If you wait for me to find the exact notation on it (which was not an urban legend) this posting will be long gone.

So, sorry I'm fallible, but that's just how it is sometimes.

Ignore my foggy memory and my patchy reconstructions of interesting factiods.
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TalkingDog Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Apr-01-06 01:23 AM
Response to Reply #15
33. Ah, yes.... vindication IS MINE!!!! ....SWEEEEET!!!!
http://www.unmuseum.org/rocksky.htm

and mea culpa: it was late 19th century not early 20th.
Sorry about getting the century wrong...I was only wrong by 30 or so years. A mere pinch of time to you smart-like science folks.
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seaglass Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 07:31 AM
Response to Original message
13. Too many open questions. Does the person being
prayed for believe in prayer? Does the person feel they deserve prayers from strangers? Does a person who is being prayed for by strangers become more anxious about his/her state of health?

If I was in this situation (the ones not sure of being prayed for) why would it matter to me if I knew the people that loved me were praying for me? Are strangers prayers equal to prayers from loved ones?

I'm not a believer in prayer but I don't take much out of this study either.
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varkam Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 02:52 PM
Response to Reply #13
14. Maybe they just weren't praying hard enough...
It shouldn't matter whether or not the person believes in prayer if the question under examination is "Will God listen to these prayers and intervene?" I take it that's the question this study was looking at - not if someone believes in prayer will the knowledge that they're being prayed for mean they get better. I think even the most hardcore atheist would agree that people who believe in God generally have a sunnier outlook on life.
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papau Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 03:45 PM
Response to Reply #14
20. When Bad Things Happen to Good People by Kushner might be a good read
for the folks that designed this experiment. Indeed Quantum Mechanic's lack of "logic" - and we all agree QM is real - fits rather nicely with the Kushner book.

When Bad Things Happen to Good People. By Harold S. Kushner
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seaglass Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Apr-01-06 09:31 AM
Response to Reply #14
36. Well if the question was only would God listen to these
prayers and it had no connection to the person being operated on - what would be the point of telling that person whether they were being prayed for or not?
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TallahasseeGrannie Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 03:43 PM
Response to Original message
19. I think science should stay
out of faith and faith out of science. For now.
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Evoman Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 05:42 PM
Response to Reply #19
26. I couldn't disagree with you more.
Edited on Fri Mar-31-06 05:43 PM by Evoman
What is religion? What is supernatural?

The whole point of science is finding answers to questions we don't know the answers to. For ancient greeks, Zeus was responsible for lightning. Thats religious...should we then not look at lightning? No. Most supernatural phenomena are no longer supernatural once we study them and find the REAL reasons behind them.

This study of prayer is completely legitimate. They are not saying God exists or does not...more or less, they want to study the brain effects and physical effects of prayer on a person. Is there a placebo effect, does a person's will and the positive vibes from those around them contribute to their well-being?

That being said, I think science has been instrumental in identifying frauds and spiritual cons. And I think that in many cases, that scares people who have so much invested in their lies and delusions. Science invites criticism...read the study, read the methodology, criticize if you find something wrong. Religion, on the other hand, does not. And the only way for one to advance, be it in your personal life, business life, and spritual/scientific life is self-criticism and criticism of the ideas around you. Otherwise you risk staleness.

And there is another reason a lot of religious people don't want science studing religious issues. Because in cases where religion and science clash, science IS ALWAYS RIGHT.

Evoman

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papau Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Mar-31-06 10:12 PM
Response to Reply #19
30. I agree Grannie, but hubris is not unknown to some of the scientific
crowd who see no question that they do not have a religious faith in science answering at some point in the future.

They just do not realize when they have moved from the scientific method over to faith and belief assertions.
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charlie Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Apr-01-06 07:24 PM
Response to Original message
39. Koenig sings a different tune
When the results are different. To be fair, he's pretty consistent about the distinction between empirical health benefits of personal religious practice and claims of supernatural effects, the former being his field of endeavor. And he often notes theological difficulties with prayer as request fulfillment. But when a similar study indicated remote-prayer-positive results:
But supporters say the work is careful. "They're not claiming they are identifying how this occurred; they're just saying maybe we should take a closer look," says Harold Koenig, M.D., a doctor and professor of medicine and psychiatry at Duke University who has written about prayer and healing.

The percent of difference in the outcomes of the two groups was small, Koenig says, but the Harris study used sound methodology and produced intriguing results. "Many, many people pray. Many people would like to know if their prayers are being heard."

http://archives.cnn.com/2000/HEALTH/alternative/01/18/prayer.power.wmd

"This is very significant," said physician Harold G. Koenig, an associate professor of psychiatry and medicine at Duke University School of Medicine who has conducted numerous studies on the effect of spirituality on health. "But I think it is going to be highly, highly controversial. I'm not sure how many doctors are going to embrace this."

...

"It (the current study) does not offer irrefutable proof that this is a sure effect,' Koenig said. "But it does offer evidence on which to build. It provides one more match on the stack of the evidence."

http://www.socwel.ku.edu/jimk/711handouts/14.3.htm


And there's this:
According to Koenig, an enormous study on intercessory prayer is currently under way at Harvard, a project involving 1,800 patients, designed with multiple checks and balances to -- in Koenig's words -- "ensure that there's no fudging." The new study, led by professor of medicine Dr. Herbert Benson, will be completed sometime in 2000, and Koenig believes the results will put an end to the conjecture once and for all. "This will either close the book on intercessory prayer," he says, "or open a whole new area of medical science."

http://www.salon.com/health/feature/1999/11/03/prayer/print.html
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beam me up scottie Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Apr-01-06 11:11 PM
Response to Reply #39
40. Nice work, charlie! A few excerpts from the Salon article:
The researchers acknowledge an element of chance in their study -- as well as an element of distortion, since patients in the control group most likely had friends and family praying for them, too. Harris writes, "It is probable that many if not most patients in both groups were already receiving intercessory and/or direct prayer from friends, family, and clergy."

There's no telling, in other words, how much "supplementary prayer" went unaccounted for. Which raises another devilish question from Barrett: What if someone out there was praying for one of the sick patients to get worse? Wouldn't that skew the results?

"What if you pray against somebody?" Barrett says. "Can that do harm? Is health determined by who prays harder?"

********

But sometimes faith itself can be risky, even deadly. Some religious groups -- the Christian Science Church primary among them -- believe that intercessory prayer is the only kind of treatment a sick person ever needs, no matter how dire the illness. Over the years Christian Scientists have lobbied, with surprisingly broad success, to create state and federal laws that shield faith healers from prosecution.

But a 1998 study published in the journal Pediatrics showed that four out of five sick children who died after their parents put their trust in faith healing probably could have survived with medical treatment. In one case, a 2-year-old who choked to death on a bite of banana showed signs of life for nearly an hour while her parents phoned members of their religious circle to pray.
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Nikia Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sun Apr-02-06 11:08 AM
Response to Original message
42. I don't know how prayer could be studied scientifically
I know that they've done brain scans and such and find that when practiced prayers pray that they use different parts of their brain and that many people who themselves pray get benefits.
To have other people pray for others and see if it has an effect though is different. There is really no way to measure the quality of the prayer for example. That is important because science cannot answer a question like "Can a person move a big truck by pushin it?" When we don't know how much the truck weighs, how much weight a paticuliar person could push, how much they are actually pushing, the fact that people have much varying abilities, and that sometime during the experiment someone might drive the truck, making it irrelevent whether or not someone is pushing on it.
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