note to DU moderators: the following material is PUBLIC DOMAIN, thus there's no copyright infringement... even so, I am reposting only a portion of the document, which can be found at
http://commdocs.house.gov/committees/bank/hba47582.000/hba47582_0.HTMThe above said, what follows provides some insight into the state of HUD/FHA prior to what I called the
"The decadent BUSH years". The portion which I have included here starts on page five:
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WEDNESDAY, APRIL 1, 1998
U.S. House of Representatives,
Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity,
Committee on Banking and Financial Services,
Washington, DC.
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Chairman LAZIO. I thank the gentleman.
Mr. Hinchey.
Mr. HINCHEY. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman, and I want to thank you for calling this hearing to look into the Federal Housing Administration Single Family Property Disposition Program. Before I proceed with my brief opening statement, I would ask unanimous consent that two documents submitted by HUD be entered into the record. One is a critique of the NTIC study titled ''The Devil is in the Details,'' and the other is a series of answers to questions that have been raised about the operation of the FHA.
Chairman LAZIO. Without objection, it's so ordered.
Mr. HINCHEY. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman.
I know your witnesses today will spend a considerable time talking about the problems with FHA programs. I do not think we should minimize these problems, but I also think that we should not overlook the progress that is being made at HUD and the FHA to reform single family housing programs.
For more than 60 years, the Federal Housing Administration has helped many Americans purchase their first homes by providing mortgage insurance to borrowers who cannot afford a sizable downpayment and are unable to obtain mortgage insurance in the private market. Many of the borrowers who use the FHA to help finance their homes are, of course, low- and moderate-income individuals, often minorities, and residents of urban areas who have been left behind by the conventional mortgage market.
To the critics who say that FHA has outlived its usefulness and should be replaced by the private market, I would point out that nearly one-third of all insured mortgages last year were insured by FHA. Most of these individuals would not have qualified for conventional mortgage insurance. This subcommittee has heard much testimony in the past about the conventional mortgage industry's high denial rate for minority borrowers. FHA fills that gap by making it possible for blacks, Hispanics, and other under-served groups to purchase homes.
While I commend the FHA for doing an admirable job of serving low- and moderate-income, minority, and center city populations, I'm also concerned with the reports of weaknesses in the Single Family Property Disposition programs. I would like to point out that all of these reports note that FHA's mortgage insurance fund is financially sound and currently exceeds its reserve target. As with any lending program, there are bound to be defaults, especially in a program that takes on riskier borrowers. And while the default rate of FHA mortgages is slightly higher than the rest of the industry, the foreclosure rate is just above 1 percent. The Loss Mitigation Program helps two-thirds of borrowers in default become current on their payments again.
The GAO, outside auditors, and HUD's own Inspector General have all reported a number of problems with FHA that must be addressed if we hope to win support on Capitol Hill to expand. I personally think that the President's proposal to raise the maximum loan amount to $227,150 from $170,362 is a good idea. However, many of my colleagues on both sides of the aisle remain unconvinced, in part, because of reports of mismanagement, loose internal controls, lax oversight of private contractors, and the decentralization envisioned by HUD's 2020 Management Reform Plan.
I understand that HUD is undergoing a top-to-bottom reorganization that is designed to streamline the department, make their operations more efficient, and bring some much needed accountability back to the Nation's housing programs.
I support the Department in those efforts and am pleased that we are already seeing some of the results of this Administration's commitment to reform. I also understand that problems with the FHA program date back many years, in fact, decades, and will not be resolved overnight.
I hope that the witnesses will outline how the Department and FHA will address the criticisms of the Inspector General and the General Accounting Office. In particular, I would like to hear how your organization in four homeownership centers will effectively oversee the many private contractors who will be necessary to manage the program in the wake of FHA's massive downsizing.
And finally, Mr. Chairman, I would like unanimous consent to enter the statement of our colleague George Brown into the record. He had hoped to deliver the statement in person but asked that I include it in today's proceedings. His description of the city of San Bernardino, California's, efforts to work with HUD to develop innovative ways to bring foreclosed and repossessed homes back into the market is instructive, I believe, for the subcommittee.
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