Food Irradiation

[DainBramaged]

Poll question: Food Irradiation

Lets talk about food safety shall we.

A facility in Florida has been irradiating strawberries and other fruits on a limited basis, to prolong shelf life. On a trial basis, fresh tropical fruits from Hawaii have been irradiated before shipping them to the mainland, instead of fumigating them to eliminate the fruit fly pests that could spread to the mainland. Some spices for commercial use have been irradiated. In addition irradiation is widely used to sterilize a variety of medical and household products, from hip joint implants to bandaids and baby pacifiers.

Other technologies used to sterilize fruits, spices and medical devices use toxic chemicals, such as ethylene oxide. Use of irradiation can reduce the use of these other hazardous substances.

http://www.cdc.gov/Ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/foodirradiation.htm

[Hanse]

1. Didn't several people die because of the salmonella peanuts just recently?

I'm betting they wouldn't have with irradiation.

[ColbertWatcher]

2. The problem was with the shoddy inspections.

Peanut Corporation of America was part of the GOP industry's self-inspection system.

I don't know if it matters what procedure is used to sterilize or package the food, it matters who does the checking.

Kinda like voting.

[moonandsixpence]

21. How about making sure that conditions are sanitary

rather than dosing our food with high heat (and yikes, radiation),which affects the molecular structure of the food's elements?

[wroberts189]

26. good point... and radiation will allow corps to be even more unsanitary. nt

[Hanse]

27. That's a pretty lame argument.

It's like saying people shouldn't use condoms because it will only encourage unsafe sex.

And we should have needle exchange programs because that will encourage heroin addiction.

And seat belts? The number one cause of head-on collisions.

[Hannah Bell]

29. that's a pretty bad analogy. those items are used by product consumers.

consumer use of seat belts doesn't encourage producers to make cars more unsafe.

irradiation is used by producers, & yes, it *will* allow them to be more unsanitary, use poorer products in their formulations, sell items past the point where they would have begun to rot under normal circumstances.

[wroberts189]

37. Actually it is one of the best against and would help prevent Mad-Cow Disease.

You think for one minute the big corps will worry about sanitation if they know its all going to get sterilized before sent out?

You ever hear the stories of meat packing plant workers ?

[ellisD]

3. Irradiation is fine, its GM foods that worry me

I don't see what the big deal about irradiating foods - the foods are only exposed to a radioactive energy source to sterilize them, its not like they are infused with radiation emitting materials... not that they shouldn't be labeled as such, so those who wish to avoid them can have that choice. But I think people should be alot more concerned with Genetically Modified foods, as they can have unexpected consequences, like creating unwanted (and harmful) proteins and pollinating (ie infecting) neighboring crops.

[adamuu]

4. harmless. n/t

[wroberts189]

5. Your bombarding and corrupting the very dna of what you eat...

Changing it...

Its just as bad as GMO.

You want it you can have it but please label it so I can avoid it.

[adamuu]

6. it doesn't stay dna for long after you swallow it :) n/t

[wroberts189]

42. Would you eat the food of an alien planet without long term exhaustive studies first?

Because that is the basis of my whole point...

[ellisD]

10. maybe some nutritional loss, but thats all

while it may be true that some foods might be susceptible to nutritional loss via vitamins or proteins being split apart, the food is no longer alive and thus the cells cannot mutate, only fragment into component pieces. And even then, this molecular decomposition would pale in comparison to the chemical breakdown that occurs during both the cooking of the food, and subsequent digestion.

But yes, both IRR and GMO foods need to be clearly labeled, as does any rBGH derived dairy products, not only in grocery stores but in restaurants as well.

[northernlights]

17. there is no difference in the nutrients

All food irradiation does is inject just enough energy to break the hydrogen bonds in very large molecules, thereby deactivating proteins and dna. The hydrogen bonds are what hold the molecules in their active shape. It does not change the chemical make up the dna or proteins.

Eg, by changing the protein from its folded up form back to a long chain of amino acids, bacteria can't reproduce. The food's protein is still the same amino acids.

Without irradiation, your own body's chemicals will break those same bonds. Eg, the digestive process breaks food dna into its component nucleotides for recycling into your dna, and breaks down food proteins into component amino acids for recycling into your protein. This is literally how digestion works.

But also without irradiation, bacteria catch a free ride into your body. And it doesn't take weeks for bacteria to reproduce to dangerous levels -- just hours or a couple days.

[wroberts189]

39. See post 32 and some of that bacteria is good for you..like your immune system nt

[Hanse]

28. So, you only eat raw, live food?

Because killing things and cooking them also alters DNA.

Also: eating things alters their DNA.

[wroberts189]

34. I only want food my body knows through hundreds of millions of years ..how to deal with.

Not Frankenfood.

Just label it ..that's all I ask.

NOBODY on this planet understands the human body well enough to make a blanket "this is safe" endorsement.

NOBODY

[TZ]

30. zombie DNA!!!

Seriously did you ever have a biology class cause that's a pretty scientifically illliterate statement

[wroberts189]

33. Science still cannot claim they fully understand the human body..

No more then they can claim they know how anti depressants work.. or even if they do work.


Like I said ..you want fine by me. Just label it.

[momto3]

40. Not really.

Radiation really only affects DNA in dividing cells. By the time they irradiate your food, the cells that make up that product are no longer "alive" and rapidly dividing.

This is actually a much safer way of sanitization. I would much rather have this than have my foods fumigated.

Edit for typo x(

[wroberts189]

46. Wouldn't you rather natural organic food ?

Look...you blast anything with enough radiation to sterilize it and you are bombarding everything from the micro particles below electrons to atoms to the molecules.. the cells and yes their dna... it does not matter if they divide or not. Your body is getting something unnatural.

Then you munch it down... your body sends in gastric acid and such and says to itself...I have never seen some of these weird things before but I will try and break it down or pass it.

What happens after that with these altered radiated particles? You tell me. Its a serious biochemistry question that has yet to be answered. But one thing is certain... some of the same arguments people are using here were used to promote GMO which has now been proven to be a slow poison as well as having other detrimental effects on the environment.

http://newsblaze.com/story/20090310105104iwfs.nb/topstory.html

[momto3]

63. Sure...

You do realize that E. coli is also "organic"? I am all for organic safe foods when possible. But, I also prefer not to be sick with food poisoning.

[Hannah Bell]

7. "to prolong shelf life" = to be able to sell food that would have decayed/rotted elsewise.

[adamuu]

8. another way to look at it - less food thrown away. n/t

[Hannah Bell]

14. certainly the way the corps would like you to look at it.

[adamuu]

20. is all business innovation bad? n/t

[Angleae]

9. Europe has been doing this for a long time.

Even saw milk on the shelf unrefrigerated.

[phaseolus]

12. I think that milk was "ultra pasteurized".

Parmalat was the main innovator with this stuff back in the 90s. Higher temperatures than normal pasteurization makes it shelf-stable at room temperatures... and gives it a cooked flavor. Neither Parmalat's milk nor ultrapasteurization ever caught on here in the U.S., except for little single serving cups of coffee creamer.

We tried some irradiated ground beef once, but it just looked funny and tasted horrible. I have nothing against the technologies, but as long as there are traditionally-processed foods available (or better yet - fresh, unprocessed foods,) we'll stick with those for the flavor and nutrition.

[moonandsixpence]

24. Well-said...Food isn't supposed to be processed like one would process

a Formica table, for Christ's sake!

[Hannah Bell]

15. no, they haven't. the milk's not irradiated, & neither is most of their food.

[Deja Q]

11. If it doesn't destroy the nutrient quality in the food, no problem.

Of course, and this is probably different, I won't microwave vegetables because the microwaving process is said TO destroy the nutrient quality in the food.

[denem]

13. Nuclar = bad

[adamuu]

19. LOL.

[baldguy]

16. I'm all for it. It's been proven to be absolutely safe & helps preserve food for a very long time.

But treated products should be clearly labeled in plain English. Let the marketplace decide. It'll be just about as successful as bottled water from reclaimed urine.

[DainBramaged]

18. Addressing your concerns............

LOTS of information at the link I posted. A distinctive logo has been developed for use on food packaging, in order to identify the product as irradiated. Pasteurization is a better process for milk. X-Rays are now being used too.


Treating raw meat and poultry with irradiation at the slaughter plant could eliminate bacteria commonly found raw meat and raw poultry, such as E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, and Campylobacter. These organisms currently cause millions of infections and thousands of hospitalizations in the United States every year. Raw meat irradiation could also eliminate Toxoplasma organisms, which can be responsible for severe eye and congenital infections. Irradiating prepared ready-to-eat meats like hot dogs and deli meats, could eliminate the risk of Listeria from such foods. Irradiation could also eliminate bacteria like Shigella and Salmonella from fresh produce. The potential benefit is also great for those dry foods that might be stored for long times and transported over great distances, such as spices and grains. Animal feeds are often contaminated with bacteria like Salmonella. Irradiation of animal feeds could prevent the spread of Salmonella and other pathogens to livestock through feeds. If we could eliminate these pathogens, why not? Why aren't they using the technique? Too many people have died from these bacteria in my lifetime.

And However, not all foods are suitable for irradiation. For example, oysters and other raw shellfish can be irradiated, but the shelf life and quality decreases markedly because the live oyster inside the shell is also damaged or killed by the irradiation. Shell eggs can sometimes be contaminated on the insides with Salmonella. However, irradiation causes the egg whites to become milky and more liquid, which means it looks like an older egg, and may not serve as well in some recipes. Alfalfa seeds used in making alfalfa sprouts can sometimes be contaminated with Salmonella.


Personally, I am concerned that the food giants will use the technology to put sub-prime meat on the market and will cut corners elsewhere during the processing of food. But, it is easy to avoid these foods because the irradiation label is mandatory. For now. But if it was such a good thing, why hasn't it progressed out of the development stages after 30 years?

[adamuu]

23. "Nope, I can do without. If it needs irradiation, it ain't entering my body"

You know what's funny about that?
The sun emits UV radiation. Any food grown outdoors is irradiated.

Higher doses of UV can cause ulcers or other damage to living tissue. But, the key word there is LIVING tissue. Most food are already quite dead. On the other hand, bacteria feasting on it is not.

[DainBramaged]

25. Always a comedian in the group.....................

:hi:

[moonandsixpence]

22. I have been wondering about the sorry state of tomatoes lately...

In the last several years, I have had many tomatoes which looked "perfect" on the outside and were gross inside! Mushy, tasteless...The scary thing about this practice is that it will render all produce the equivalent of a Twinkie: completely incapable of decomposition because no microbes will be able to feed on something which is 100% DEAD!:scared:

[TZ]

31. You get more irradiation from sunshine

Food irradiation is harmless

[wroberts189]

36. So I can put a steak in the sunlight and it will last longer? nt

[KittyWampus]

32. Vitamin content reduced up to 96%. Fatty acid formation in ground beef doubled.

Vitamin content is reduced by up to 96% depending upon the food item and other factors. Vitamins affected are A, B, C, E and K. Also, amino acids and polyunsaturated fats can be depleted.

In controlled studies mice fed irradiated beef died of internal bleeding. Vitamin K deficiency probably lead to internal bleeding/death.

What are other adverse effects?

Study 1. Effects of irradiation on tram fatty acids formation in ground beef.’ This recent
research tested the levels of various fats and fatty acids in irradiated ground beef, The key finding,
summarized in Table 4 therein, is that irradiation at room temperature approximately doubled the
prevalence of trans fatty acids,

.........................................

A decrease of 20.7 percent in surviving weaned rats. A 32.3 percent decrease in surviving progeny of dogs. Dogs weighing 11.3 percent less than animals on the control diets... Carcinomas of the pituitary gland, a particularly disturbing finding since this is an extremely rare type of malignant tumor."

Food irradiation: An FDA report. FDA Papers, Oct. 1968. Fatal Internal Bleeding in Rats (I) "A significant number of rats consuming irradiated beef died from internal hemorrhage within 46 days, the first death of a male rat coming on the 11th day of feeding. This rat became sluggish on the 8th day of the regimen and started refusing food. He continued to be morbid during the next two days, did not eat any food, lost weight and appeared anemic. He was found dead on the 11th day. Vitamin K deficiency in rats induced by feeding of irradiated beef.

Journal of Nutrition, 69:18-21, 1959. (Cosponsored by the Surgeon General of the US Army) Fatal Internal Bleeding in Rats (II) "Hemorrhagic death had occurred in all males fed irradiated diets by day 34... There is evidence to suggest that inefficient absorption of vitamins, i.e. vitamin K, from the intestinal tract may contribute to a deficiency state." Influence of age, sex, strain of rat and fat soluble vitamins on hemorrhagic syndromes in rats fed irradiated beef. Federation Proceedings, 19:1045-1048, 1960. (Cosponsored by the Surgeon General of the US Army)

Fetal Deaths in Mice "Freshly irradiated diets produced elevated levels of early deaths in ... The increase in early deaths would suggest that the diet when irradiated has some mutagenic potential." Irradiated laboratory animal diets: Dominant lethal studies in the mouse. Mutation Research, 80:333-345, 1981.

Embryo Deaths in Mice "Feeding of mice for two months before mating with 50 percent of the standard complete diet irradiated with gamma rays provokes a significant increase of embryonal deaths, probably to be interpreted as a dominant lethal mutation associated with gross chromosomal aberrations, such as breaks repeatedly found to be induced by irradiated materials." Pre-implantation death of mouse eggs caused by irradiated food. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 18:201-216, 1970.

Radioactive Organs and Excrement in Rats "Considerable amounts of radioactivity were present in the liver, kidney, stomach, gastrointestinal tract, and blood serum of rats fed irradiated sucrose solutions. Radioactivity was present in urine and feces samples. Biochemical effects of irradiated sucrose solutions in the rat. Radiation Research, 37:202-215, 1969.

Mutations in Fruit Flies An increase in the rate of mutation has been found in fruit flies reared on a basic medium that was irradiated with a sterilizing dose (150,000 rads) of cobalt-60 gamma rays... Visible changes were two to six times more frequent in the irradiated series than in the controls, such as half-thorax, vestigial wings and incurved wings."

Mutations: Incidence in Drosophila melanogaster reared on irradiated medium. Science, 141:637-638, 1963. Fatal Vitamin E Deficiency in Rats "A considerable number of the second litter of the experimental group of rats that ate irradiated beef died. Symptoms observed were marked fluid buildup of the face, ruffled hair coat, general incoordination, spastic hopping gait, and sometimes complete loss of movement with dragging of the hind quarters.

Those pups most severely affected often became completely prostrated a short time before death. In no case were these symptoms noted in the control group. The probability is that the pups were suffering from the characteristic muscular dystrophy syndrome commonly referred to as nutritional muscular dystrophy known to result from a marginal vitamin E intake."

Growth, reproduction, survival and histopathology of rats fed beef irradiated with electrons. Food Research, 20:193-214, 1955. Chromosomal Damage to Human Cells (I) "Irradiated sucrose solutions were extremely toxic to human white blood cells. Cell divisions were inhibited. Degenerated cell divisions were observed and the chromosomes were grossly damaged. The DNA was clumped or the chromosomes appeared shattered or pulverized. In contrast, treatment with unirradiated sucrose at the same concentration had no apparent effect on the mitotic rate and the chromosomes were not visibly damaged." Effects of irradiated sucrose on the chromosomes of human lymphocytes in vitro. Nature, 211:1254-1255, 1966.

Chromosomal Damage to Human Cells (II) "White blood cell cultures from four different healthy human males underwent a considerable inhibition of mitosis and chromosome fragmentation." Cytotoxic and radiomimetic activity of irradiated culture medium on human leukocytes. Current Science, 16:403-404, 1966.

Toxic Chemical Formed in Food Containing Fat (I) "When food containing fat is treated by ionizing radiation, a group of 2-alkylcyclobutanones is formed. To date, there is no evidence that the cyclobutanones occur in unirradiated food. In vitro experiments using rat and human colon cells indicate that 2-dodecylcyclobutanone (2-DCB)... is clearly cytotoxic and genotoxic."

Genotoxic properties of 2-dodecylcyclobutanone, a compound formed on irradiation of food containing fat. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 52:39-42, 1998.

[wroberts189]

38. Thank you ..a link would be nice to help clue in the "corps say its safe lets eat it" crowd here. nt

[SidDithers]

43. Where'd you cut and past that astounding list from...

I wonder if food irradiation technology has changed at all in the last 40 or 50 years.

Sid


Edit: ahhhh, nevermind. I see you got it from mercola. That explains a lot.

[wroberts189]

51. Then try this one...

http://www.thehealthierlife.co.uk/natural-health-articles/nutrition/food-irradiation-health-risks-00326.html
snip

Irradiation turns even the most nutritious foods into junk foods
In an earlier e-alert, US HSI panellist Dr Allan Spreen stated that an abundance of nutrients are eliminated by this process. Jon Barron, another distinguished panellist, agreed and added, 'As much as 70 percent of the vitamin A, B1 and B2 in irradiated milk is destroyed, and about 30 percent of vitamin C.'

And Barron elaborated with the following sobering information: 'Food is exposed to 'hard' irradiation, usually gamma rays from a source like cobalt-80, in doses of 100,000 to 3,000,000 rads. To give you a sense of how high a dose this is, understand that a dose of just 10,000 rads will totally destroy any living tissue.'

Any living tissue? Let's analyse that. When a pig or cow is killed, the animal is dead, but its tissues aren't, and this is when meat is at its most nutritious - if it's eaten fresh and not 'cooked to death' (an apt term). So if 10,000 rads totally destroys living tissue, then irradiated meat that you purchase from the supermarket is essentially nutrition-free.

This is not simple conjecture - the facts are in: Food irradiation is a clear and present danger to your health.

Rats are dying of IFS - are you next?
Even the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) admits to some shocking results from animal research. In its final report approving food radiation, the FDA admitted that when up to 35 per cent of the lab-animal diet was irradiated, the studies had to be terminated because of 'premature mortality or morbidity.' And in another investigation at the Medical College of Virginia, in the US, rats fed irradiated beef 'died of haemorrhagic syndrome in 34 days.'

[SidDithers]

54. Well, I'd like to hear more about this Cobalt-80 that they're using...

:rofl:

Not exactly a scientificly strong article you're quoting, there.

Sid

[wroberts189]

58. I believe that was a typo it should have read 60:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalt-60_(isotope) nt

[SidDithers]

60. Yes, it is supposed to be -60, but you've got more faith...

that it was a typo than I do. I'm more inclined to believe that the author, whoever that might be, doesn't know the first thing about physics.

I prefer to get my information from scientists who'll put their name to their work, and aren't trying to sell me "SAFETOX - THE NATURAL, NON-TOXIC FACELIFT PHENOMENON"

Oh, and let me know if KW ever replies to your request for a link to the list they posted upthread. They mumbled something about the FDA downthread, but we both know that the list wasn't cut and pasted from there.

Sid

[wroberts189]

61. So do you buy irradiated beef? Produce? seriously..

Have kids ..will you feed it to them?


If you had a choice and price was the same what would you pick?

Do you believe organic is better?

http://www.ota.com/organic/benefits/nutrition.html

Or not?

[SidDithers]

62. Irradiation of meats have not yet been approved in Canada...

they've been recommended by Health Canada researchers, but are still going through the public consultation process. Irradiation of spices and flours used in processed foods are permitted. Irradiation of onions and potatoes is also permitted, to prevent sprouting, but because fresh vegetables are so readily available, it's not often used.

That said, if and when irradiated meats become available in my local grocery store, I won't hesitate to buy them and feed them to my family.

And I'll take safe over organic any time.

Sid

[rucky]

35. Next time I go to the grocery store, I'm bringing a Geiger Counter. n/t

[wroberts189]

41. My last word on this..JUST LABEL IT. and LABEL GMO AS WELL. NT

[DainBramaged]

44. It IS labeled, by law.

[wroberts189]

47. Not GMO ... and what law? I used to see it labeled at Stop and shop but no more..nt

[DainBramaged]

48. Read the link pretty extensive (sorry tired)

GMO's not on that link


http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/gmfood/gloss.php?SID=39pb033j7q6rhlgq99ekh9bmg1#sub
allergen: a substance such as a protein that induces an allergic reaction.

gene: a portion of a chromosome (DNA) that contains the hereditary information necessary for the production of a protein. (from Biotechknowledge.com, sponsored by Monsanto)

genetic engineering: the manipulation of an organism's genetic endowment by introducing or eliminating specific genes through modern molecular biology techniques. (from PUBLIC PERCEPTION ISSUES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY, by Charles Hagedorn and Susan Allender-Hagedorn at Virginia Tech)

genetically-modified foods: food plants that have been genetically altered by the addition of foreign genes to enhance a desired trait.

genome: the entire genetic complement of an organism

GRAS: generally recognized as safe - substances intentionally added to food that do not require a formal premarket review by FDA to assure their safety, because their safety has been established by a long history of use in food. (from the FDA)

phytoremediation: the process of using plants for pollution clean-up of contaminated soils or water

substantially equivalent: a food or food product that has the same intended use and characteristics as an earlier food or food product that has already passed the FDAs safety inspections, or has different characteristics but data demonstrate that the new food or food additive is as safe as the previous food or food product and does not raise different issues of safety. No additional safety inspections are required for new foods or food products that are deemed substantially equivalent.

transgenic plants: an organism in which a foreign DNA gene (a transgene) is incorporated into its genome early in development. The transgenic plant usually contains material from at least one unrelated organisms, such as from a virus, animal, or other plant. (from PUBLIC PERCEPTION ISSUES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY, by Charles Hagedorn and Susan Allender-Hagedorn at Virginia Tech)

In the United States, the regulatory process is confused because there are three different government agencies that have jurisdiction over GM foods. To put it very simply, the EPA evaluates GM plants for environmental safety, the USDA evaluates whether the plant is safe to grow, and the FDA evaluates whether the plant is safe to eat. The EPA is responsible for regulating substances such as pesticides or toxins that may cause harm to the environment. GM crops such as B.t. pesticide-laced corn or herbicide-tolerant crops but not foods modified for their nutritional value fall under the purview of the EPA. The USDA is responsible for GM crops that do not fall under the umbrella of the EPA such as drought-tolerant or disease-tolerant crops, crops grown for animal feeds, or whole fruits, vegetables and grains for human consumption. The FDA historically has been concerned with pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and food products and additives, not whole foods. Under current guidelines, a genetically-modified ear of corn sold at a produce stand is not regulated by the FDA because it is a whole food, but a box of cornflakes is regulated because it is a food product. The FDA's stance is that GM foods are substantially equivalent to unmodified, "natural" foods, and therefore not subject to FDA regulation.

http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/gmfood/overview.php

[SidDithers]

45. After proper testing by Health Canada...

the following recommendation was made:

http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/securit/irridation/109402-eng.php

Scientists in Health Canada have reviewed the data provided in the submission, as well as those found in numerous other scientific literature sources, in order to determine whether these new proposed uses of the food irradiation process met regulatory requirements for safety and effectiveness. It has been concluded that:

the consumption of the irradiated foods would not result in any risk to the health of the consumer;

the irradiation of the foods would not result in destruction or loss of nutrients in a food recognized as a significant source of those nutrients in the diet; and

the proposed uses of food irradiation could be beneficial through improved safety of the food products resulting from enhanced control of pathogens or reduction in insect infestation.

Therefore, Health Canada proposes to recommend amendments to the Table to Division 26 of the Regulations to permit the new applications of the food irradiation process as listed above. For chicken, ground beef, shrimp and prawns, the permitted sources of irradiation would be Cobalt-60, Cesium-137, electrons from machine sources operated at or below an energy level of 10 Millions of electron-Volts (MeV) or x-rays generated from a machine source operated at or below an energy level of 5 MeV. For mangoes, the permitted source of irradiation would be Cobalt-60.

Now, I know you won't read this, 'cause you put me on ignore for being Canadian (http://www.democraticunderground.com/discuss/duboard.php?az=show_mesg&forum=389&topic_id=5285872&mesg_id=5311895) but others might find it interesting.

Sid

[wroberts189]

49. Here are some more studies ...

http://www.google.com/search?q=irradiated+food+danger

[SidDithers]

50. Look, I can google too...

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=irradiated+food+benefit&btnG=Search

Sid

[wroberts189]

52. Then at the very least you have to admit there is wide disagreement. nt

[SidDithers]

53. No, I won't admit that...

My search gave us sources like the CDC, Health Canada and the Australian government, who recommend it for certain applications. Your search gave us known whackjobs rense and mercola.

There may exist opposing viewpoints, but that doesn't mean they're equally accurate.

Sid

[KittyWampus]

55. I have whomever you reply to on ignore, however, several studies listed above were found on FDA

websites.

They are controlled, scientific studies.

[SidDithers]

56. You cut & pasted that list from the FDA?...

Riiiiiihgt.

Sid

[wroberts189]

57. I see why you have them on ignore :) nt

[1]

59. i like irradiated food. last night, when i turned off the lights? i could still see my meal...

how can you not like that...